Acetoneimvura isina ruvara, inoputika inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva.Iyo imhando yemuviri weketone ine molecular formula C3H6O.Acetone chinhu chinopfuta chine nzvimbo yekuvira ye56.11°C uye nzvimbo yakanyunguduka ye -94.99°C. Ine kunhuhwirira kwakasimba uye inoshanduka zvakanyanya.Inonyungudika mumvura, ether, uye doro, asi kwete mumvura.Iyo inobatsira mbishi zvinhu muindasitiri yemakemikari, inogona kushandiswa kugadzira akasiyana makomisheni, uye inoshandiswawo sechinhu chinonyungudutsa, chekuchenesa, nezvimwe.

Ndezvipi zvinosanganiswa neacetone?Kunyangwe acetone iri yakachena makemikari musanganiswa, maitiro ayo ekugadzira anosanganisira akawanda maitiro.Ngatitarisei kuumbwa kweacetone kubva pakugadzirwa kwayo.

Chekutanga pane zvese, ndedzipi nzira dzekuita acetone?Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekugadzira acetone, pakati peiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye catalytic oxidation yepropylene.Iyi nzira inoshandisa mweya seoxidant, uye inoshandisa catalyst yakakodzera kushandura propylene kuita acetone uye hydrogen peroxide.Iyo reaction equation ndeiyi inotevera:

CH3CH=CH2 + 3/2O2→CH3COCH3 + H2O2

Iyo catalyst inoshandiswa mukuita uku kazhinji ndeye oxide yetitanium dioxide inotsigirwa pane inert inotakura senge.γ-Al2O3.Rudzi urwu rwekukonzeresa rune basa rakanaka uye sarudzo yekushandurwa kwepropylene kuita acetone.Mukuwedzera, dzimwe nzira dzinosanganisira kugadzirwa kweacetone ne dehydrogenation ye isopropanol, kugadzirwa kweacetone ne hydrolysis ye acrolein, nezvimwewo.

Saka ndeapi makemikari anoita acetone?Mukugadzirwa kweacetone, propylene inoshandiswa seyakabikwa, uye mweya unoshandiswa seoxidant.Iyo catalyst inoshandiswa mukuita uku kazhinji titanium dioxide inotsigirwa paγ-Al2O3.Mukuwedzera, kuti uwane yakakwirira-kuchena acetone, mushure mekuita, kupatsanurwa uye kuchenesa matanho akadai se distillation uye kugadzirisa zvinowanzodiwa kubvisa kumwe kusvibiswa mune chigadzirwa chekuita.

Mukuwedzera, kuti uwane yakakwirira-kuchena acetone, kupatsanurwa uye kuchenesa matanho akadai se distillation uye kugadzirisa zvinowanzodiwa kubvisa kumwe kusvibiswa mune chekuita chigadzirwa.Pamusoro pezvo, kuitira kuchengetedza nharaunda uye hutano hwevanhu, matanho akakodzera ekurapa anofanirwa kutorwa mukugadzira nzira yekudzikisa kusvibiswa uye kubuda.

Muchidimbu, maitiro ekugadzira acetone anosanganisira akawanda maitiro nematanho, asi iyo huru mbishi uye oxidant ndeye propylene nemhepo zvichiteerana.Mukuwedzera, titanium dioxide inotsigirwaγ-Al2O3 inowanzoshandiswa sechinhu chinokonzera kukurudzira maitiro ekuita.Pakupedzisira, mushure mekuparadzana uye matanho ekuchenesa akadai se distillation uye kugadzirisa, high-purity acetone inogona kuwanikwa kuti ishandiswe mune zvakasiyana-siyana.