Phenol yakakosha zvakanyanya organic kemikari mbishi zvinhu zvine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa.Nzira dzayo dzekugadzirwa kwekutengesa dzinofadza zvikuru kune vatsvakurudzi nevagadziri.Pane nzira mbiri huru dzekutengesa kugadzirwa kwe phenol, dzinoti: cumene process uye cresol process.

Iyo cumene process ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa kutengeserana nzira yekugadzira ye phenol.Zvinosanganisira kuita kwe cumene ne benzene pamberi pe acid catalyst kugadzira cumene hydroperoxide.Iyo hydroperoxide inozoitwa ine hwaro hwakasimba senge sodium hydroxide kugadziraphenoluye acetone.Kubatsira kukuru kweichi chiitiko ndechekuti inoshandisa isingadhure mbishi zvinhu uye maitiro ekuita ari munyoro, achiita kuti ishande uye nyore kudzora.Naizvozvo, iyo cumene process inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwe phenol.

Iyo cresol process inzira isinganyanyi kushandiswa yekutengesa yekugadzira phenol.Zvinosanganisira kuita kwe toluene ne methanol pamberi pe acid catalyst kugadzira cresol.Iyo cresol inobva yaiswa hydrogen muhuvepo hwechidziviriro chakaita seplatinum kana palladium kugadzira phenol.Kubatsira kukuru kweichi chiitiko ndechekuti inoshandisa isingadhure mbishi zvinhu uye maitiro ekuita ari munyoro, asi maitiro acho akaomarara uye anoda zvimwe zvishandiso nematanho.Mukuwedzera, iyo cresol process inogadzira huwandu hwakawanda hwezvigadzirwa, izvo zvinoderedza kushanda kwayo kwehupfumi.Nokudaro, nzira iyi haiwanzoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwe phenol.

Muchidimbu, kune nzira mbiri huru dzekutengesa kugadzirwa kwe phenol: iyo cumene process uye cresol process.Iyo cumene process inoshandiswa zvakanyanya nekuti inoshandisa zvisingadhure mbishi, ine zvinyoro maitiro ekuita, uye iri nyore kudzora.Iyo cresol process hainyanyi kushandiswa nekuti inoda zvimwe midziyo nematanho, ine maitiro akaomarara, uye inoburitsa huwandu hukuru hwezvigadzirwa, ichideredza kugona kwayo kwehupfumi.Mune ramangwana, matekinoroji matsva nemaitiro anogona kuvandudzwa kuti avandudze mashandiro uye kuderedza mutengo wekugadzira, kuvhura mikana mitsva yekugadzirwa kwekutengesa kwephenol.