Vinyl acetate (vac), zvakare anozivikanwa seVinyl acetate kana vinyl acetate, imo isina ruvara. Vac, seimwe yeiyo inonyanya kushandiswa maindasitiri organc organc Aya maruva anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuvaka, zvinyorwa, michina, mushonga, uye ivhu risina mhosva. Nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kwekukurumidza kweindasitiri mumakore achangopfuura Maitiro ekugadzira, nzira dzekugadzira dzeVinyl acetate inonyanya kusanganisira nzira yeAcetylene uye nzira yeEtraylene.
1, acetylene maitiro
Muna 1912, F. Klattete, Canadian, akatanga kuwanikwa Vinyl acetate achishandisa acetylene akawandisa uye acetic acid pasi pekumanikidzwa kwemakumi matanhatu kusvika makumi matanhatu, uye kushandisa mercury munyu. Muna 1921, kambani yeGerman CEI yakagadzira tekinoroji yeiyo vapor phase synthesis yeVinyl acetate kubva kuacetylene uye acetic acid. Kubva ipapo, vaongorori vanobva munyika dzakasiyana siyana vakaenderera mberi vakawedzera maitiro uye mamiriro eiyo synthesis yeVinyl acetate kubva kuacetylene. Muna 1928, hoechst kambani yeGerman yakagadzika 12 kt / a vinyl acetate purodha, ichiziva maisipiresi yakakura-chiyero kugadzirwa kweVinl Acetate. Equation yekugadzira vinyl acetate neacetylene nzira iri seinotevera:
Main Reaction:

Mhedzisiro:

Acetylene nzira yakakamurwa muMvura Phose nzira uye gasi chikamu nzira.
Iyo yekugadzirisa chikamu cheiyo acetylene Liquid phase nzira iri mvura, uye iyo yekunetseka ndeyesaiti tangi ine chishandiso chinosimudzira. Nekuda kwekutadza kwemvura yemidanho yedanho rakadai seyakaderera sarudzo uye yakawanda ne-zvigadzirwa, nzira iyi yakatsiviwa neacetylene gasi chikamu nzira parizvino.
Maererano nezvakaringana zvinyorwa zveAcetylene gasi, iyo acetylene gasi chikamu nzira inogona kukamurwa muzvakasikwa gasi acetylene Borden nzira uye carbide acetylene wacker nzira.
Iyo Borden process inoshandisa acetic acid se adsorbent, iyo inovandudza kwazvo huwandu hwekushandiswa kweacetylene. Nekudaro, iyi nzira nzira ine hunyanzvi yakaoma uye inoda mutengo wakakwira, saka nzira iyi inogara mukana munzvimbo dzakapfuma mune zvakasikwa gasi regasi.
Iyo WACKER PROCTHILE uye Acetic Acid yakagadzirwa kubva kuCalcium Carbide Iyo tekinoroji yekugadzirisa iri nyore uye ine mari yakaderera mari, asi pane zvikanganiso zvakadai sekurasikirwa nyore kwekuita zvinhu zvine chekuita neyechikamu chakashanda
2, EthylyerY
Ethylene, oksijeni, uye glacial acetic acid zvinhu zvitatu zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa muEtralene synthesis yeVinyl acetate maitiro. Chinhu chikuru chinoshanda chechikamu chinowanzoita chechiitiko chechisere chakapora simbi chinhu, icho chinoitwa pane imwe yekuita tembiricha uye kumanikidzwa. Mushure mekutevera kugadzirisa, iyo tarisiro yechigadzirwa vinyl acetate inozopedzisira yatorwa. Iyo yekugadzirisa equation iri seinotevera:
Main Reaction:

Mhedzisiro:

Iyo Etleene vapor phase maitiro yakatanga kugadzirwa neBayer Corporation uye yakaiswa muindasitiri yekugadzirwa kweVinyl acetate muna 1968. Iyo inonyanya kuve palladium kana goridhe yakatakura pane acid inotsigira, senge silica gel beads ne radius ye 4--5mm, iyo imwe huwandu hwe potasasum acetate, iyo inogona kuvandudza chiitiko uye kusarudzika kweiyo catalyst. Maitiro ekushandiswa kweVinyl acetate achishandisa Etatuyne VaTeylene Machor phase Sei nzira yakafanana neBayer nzira, uye yakakamurwa muzvikamu zviviri: synthesis uye disthesis uye distillation. Maitiro eUSI anowana maindasitiri ekushandisa muna 1969. Izvo zvinoshongedza zvikamu zveChilyst zvinonyanya kuLalladium nePlatinum, uye iyo Auxialary Mumiririri ndeye potassium acetate, iyo inotsigirwa potasing mutakuri. Mamiriro ezvinhu ekuita ari munyoro uye acalyst ane hupenyu hwakareba hwebasa, asi nzvimbo-nguva yekubereka yakaderera. Kuenzaniswa neiyo acetylene nzira, iyo Ethylene vapes inovandudza kwazvo muTekinoroji, uye iyo CATALYSS inoshandiswa mune iyo Etleyle nzira yakaramba ichivandudzwa mune chiitiko uye kusarudza. Nekudaro, iyo yekuita kinetics uye deactivation mechanism ichiri kuda kuongororwa.
Iko kugadzirwa kweVinyl acetate uchishandisa iyo Etleyne nzira inoshandisa tubular yakatarwa pamubhedha anodzora akazadzwa necatalyst. Gasi rekudyira rinopinda mukova kubva kumusoro, uye parinobata mubhedha wechikuru, Catalytic maitiro anoitika kuchigadzira chigadzirwa chechigadzirwa Vinyl Nekuda kweiyo Exothermic chimiro chekuita, yakamanikidzwa mvura inounzwa mugwara reruoko rweanoshanda kuti ubvise kupisa kwemvura nekushandisa mupfuti wemvura.
Kuenzaniswa neAcetylene nzira, nzira yeEthylene ine hunhu hwechinhu chekambani, yekubuda, kusvibiswa kwakadzika, uye mutengo wakaderera, uye mutengo wakaderera, uye mutengo wakaderera wakaderera pane iyo yeiyo acetylene nzira. Hunhu hwechigadzirwa hwakakwirira, uye mamiriro ekushora haana kukura. Naizvozvo, iyo nzira yeEfrica zvishoma nezvishoma yakatsiva iyo acetylene nzira mushure me1970s. Sekureva kwehuwandu husina kukwana, anenge 70% yenhandare inogadzirwa neEtraylene nzira munyika yave iyo huru yezvinhu zvekugadzira.
Parizvino, iyo yepamusoro-soro ecduction tekinoroji iri munyika ndeyeBP's Leap's Leap Process uye maitiro aCelandege acelone. Kuenzaniswa neyechivanhu yakatarwa gasi chikamu chetsiva, idzi mbiri tekinoroji zvakanyatsogadzirisa iyo yekunetseka uye inochinjisa iyo yeyuniti, ichivandudza hupfumi uye kuchengeteka kwekushanda kweuniti.
Celamene akagadzira matsva emubhedha mubhedha wekutora matambudziko ekugadzirisa matambudziko ekusaenzana fani Iyo yekunetseka inoshandiswa mune iyi process ichiripo, asi kuvandudzwa kwakakosha kwakaitwa kuhurongwa hwekutora Bheneketi yechigadzirwa vinyl acetate yakanyanya kukwirira kupfuura iyo yakafanana nemidziyo yakafanana. Iyo processst inoshandisa platin yemhando yepamusoro, Silicium gel seyekutakura Kuenzaniswa neyechinyakare zvokutengesa, iko kusarudza, chiitiko, uye nzvimbo-nguva yekubereka kweiyo catalyst iri nani.
BP AMOOCO yakagadzira mubhedha weGilelene Green pheti, zvakare inozivikanwa seyekukasira maitiro maitiro, uye yakavaka iyo 250 KT / yebhokisi rakabikwa muHull, England. Kushandisa maitiro aya kugadzira vinyl acetate kunogona kuderedza mari yekugadzira ne30%, uye nzvimbo nguva yekubereka -1200 g / (l-1)).
Maitiro ezvekuita mashandisirwo anoshandisa madhiri emubhedha wekutora kwechiitiko chekutanga, icho chine zvidzitiro zvinotevera zvichienzaniswa neyekugadziriswa pamubhedha wekutora:
1) Mubedhi rakanyorwa pamubhedha, fani rinoenderera uye rakafanana nekusangana, nekukonzeresa yunifomu yakaipa yerusimbe uye ichine yunifomu yekuvharidzira kweanosimudzira muOrmotor.
2) Iyo yakabuda mubhedha pemubhedha inogona kuramba ichitsiva iyo yakagadziriswa inochinjisa inochera neyechitsva inochera pasi pemamiriro ekushanda.
3) Iyo yakadzvanywa mubhedha yekudzidzira tembiricha inogara ichisimba, kuderedza kugadziridzwa kwekutengesa nekuda kwekunetseka kwenzvimbo, nekudaro uchitsvaga hupenyu hwebasa remuchengeti.
4) Iyo inopisa kubvisa nzira inoshandiswa mumubhedha wemubhedha wekutora kurerutsa iyo yekugadzirisa mamiriro uye inoderedza vhoriyamu yayo. Mune mamwe mazwi, gadziriro imwe chete yekuita inogona kushandiswa kune yakakura-chiyero chemakemikari ivhu, zvakanyatsovandudza zviyero zvekushanda kwemushini.