Mumusika weChinese, chirongwa chekugadzira cheMMA chakawedzera kumhando dzine matanhatu, uye maitiro aya ave zvese zvakabudirira. Nekudaro, mamiriro emakwikwi eMMA anosiyana kwazvo pakati pezvakasiyana maitiro.

Parizvino, pane matatu makuru ekugadzira maitiro ekugadzira mma:

Acetone Cyanohydrin nzira (AK nzira): Iyi ndeimwe yemitambo yekutanga maisimudziro ekugadzira, aine tekinoroji yemhando yepamusoro uye kushanda nyore.

Etylyone Carbonylation nzira: Iyi ndiyo itsva yekugadzira maitiro ekugadzira neyakanyanya kuita zvakanaka uye zvigadzirwa zvechigadzirwa.

Isobutene oxidation nzira (C4 nzira): Uku kugadzirwa kwekugadzira kubva pane iyo oxidative dehydrogenation ye butene, ine zvinhu zviripo nyore nyore uye mutengo wakaderera.

Pahwaro hwezviitwa zvitatu izvi, pane matatu akavandudzwa maitiro ekugadzira seinotevera:

Kuvandudza AK nzira: nekutsanangura maitiro emamiriro nemidziyo, goho uye zvigadzirwa zvechigadzirwa zvakavandudzwa.

Ice acetic acid nzira: Iyi process inoshandisa ice acetic acitic acitic acid seyakareba zvinhu, uye hapana discharge yematanho matatu panguva yekugadzira maitiro, ichiita kuti ive neushamwari.

Basf neLucite maitiro, ichimiririrwa nezita rebhizinesi, dziviranidzwe dzakasarudzika tekinoroji zvichienderana nehunhu hwemabhizimusi avo, aine mikana yakakwirira uye yakakwikwidzana uye yakakwikwidzana.

Parizvino, aya matanho matanhatu ekugadzira mese akawana kugadzirwa kwemasitimu ane chiyero chezviuru zana zvemakumi mairi kana kupfuura muChina. Nekudaro, makwikwi pakati pemabatiro akasiyana anosiyana-siyana nekuda kwezvinhu zvakadai sehunhu hwavo uye nemitengo. Mune ramangwana, nekufambisira mberi kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira tekinoroji uye kusimudzira kwemusika, mamiriro ekukwikwidza emamiriro ezvinhu aya ekugadzira anogona kuchinja.

Panguva imwecheteyo, zvakakosha kutaura kuti munaSeptember 2022, iyo Indasitimu Yekuratidzira yeChinyorwa cheChinese cheMethanol. yakatanga kutanga uye inoshanda zvine hunyanzvi, uye zvigadzirwa zvaive zvichikwira kusvika kuhurongwa. Ichi chishandiso ndiyo yekutanga marasha echanol acetic acetic acetic leadration yeMethyl.

Nekuda kwekushandurwa kwemakwikwi emamiriro ekukwikwidza, iyo yekupa uye inoda nharaunda yeMMA zvigadzirwa zvachinja, uye mutengo wekutora unoratidza zvakatetepa kuchinja. Mumakore maviri apfuura, mutengo wepamusoro wemusika weMMA kuChina wasvika 14014 Yuan / ton, uye mutengo wakaderera wave anenge 10000 yuan / ton. Kubva muna Nyamavhuvhu 2023, iyo mma yemusika mutengo wakadonha kusvika ku1900 Yuan / ton. Iyo huru inomiririra chigadzirwa chiri Pmma Kubva muna Nyamavhuvhu 2023, iyo nzira huru yemutengo weChinese PMMA STULCUTION YAKAITWA pa14600 Yuan / ton. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti nekuda kwekuti izvo zvekuti zvinhu zveMma zvekutamba zvakanyanya kusvika pakati penzvimbo-yekupedzisira mabhurawuti, iyo mwero wezvigadzirwa zvakadzikira pane iyo yemusika wekunze.

1.Pasina kufunga nezve acetic acid mma unit, iyo Ethylene Mma Production maitiro akave nemakwikwi akasimba mumakore maviri apfuura.

Mumakore maviri apfuura, iyo Ethylene yakavakirwa mma yekugadzira maitiro ine iyo yakasimba kukwikwidza mumusika weChinese. Sekureva kwehuwandu, iyo mari yekugadzira yeEndylene yakavakirwa mma ndiyo yakaderera uye kukwikwidza kwayo kwakasimba. Muna 2020, iyo fungidziro yemutengo weEndylene yakavakirwa mma yaive 553 yuan per ton, nepo muna Ndira munaJuly 2023, avhareji mutengo waingova 6088 yuan per ton. Mukupesana, nzira yeBasf ine mutengo wepamusoro wekugadzira, nemutengo weMMA YEMAHARA

Patinoongorora kukwikwidza kwemabasa akasiyana ekugadzira, isu tinofanirwa kutarisisa kumisiyano iri muyunivhesiti yekushandisa kwezvinhu zvakasarudzika maitiro akasiyana. Semuenzaniso, iyo mbichana yekunyora yeiyo Ethylyone nzira ndeye 0.34 methanol, uye iyo nzira yeBasythesis ndeye 0.429 662 cubic metres. Misiyano iyi inokanganisa mari yekugadzira uye kukwikwidza kwemaitiro akasiyana.

Zvichienderana nemitengo inofungidzira mumakore mashoma apfuura, iyo nzvimbo yekukwikwidza yemurume weMMASTINE Uku kujairika kunonyanya kukanganiswa nemusiyano muinjiniya yeruzhinji pakati pezvakasiyana maitiro.

Mune ramangwana, nekufambisira mberi kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira tekinoroji uye kusimudzira kwemusika, nzvimbo yemakwikwi emamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana anogona kuchinja. Kunyanya pasina kufunga nezve acetic acid mma mudziyo, Etleylene mma inotarisirwa kuramba ichiramba iripo.

2.Acetic acid nzira mma inotarisirwa kuve yakanyanya kukwikwidza nzira yekugadzira

Iyo Institute of Producation Injiniya yeChinese Chikoro cheSainzi yakabudirira Kugadzira Wenyika Yekutanga Methanol Acetic acid mma Sindonts Program Iyo chirimwa inotora methanol uye acetic acid seyakagadzirwa zvinhu, uye kuburikidza nemaitiro eAldocation yekukanda, hydrogenation, etc. Maitiro aya ane kufambira mberi zviri pachena, kwete chete maitiro apfupi, asi zvakare zvinhu zvakabikwa zvinobva kumarasha, izvo zvine mutengo unodhura. Mukuwedzera, Xinjiang Zhongyo Technology CO., Ltd. iri kuronga yakakura maindasitiri emakumi maviri neshanu Kuenzaniswa neyechinyakare peturu kubva peturu peturu yekugadzira mm

3.Kune mutsauko wakakosha mukubhadhara kwehuremu hwekukanganisa kwemaitiro akasiyana

Kune mutsauko wakakosha mukubhadhara kwakasimba kwehuremu hwakasiyana mmma zvigadzirwa, uye zviyero zvekuita zvezvinhu zvakasiyana pane zvinodhura zvinoenderana nehunyanzvi hwekuita tekinoroji.

Yemitambo yeACH MMA, iyo methanol, methanol, uye acrylllonitrile ine maitiro akakosha pamutengo wacho. Pakati pavo, shanduko yemutengo weacetone ine chekuita zvakanyanya pamitengo, inosvika 26%, nepo mutengo uchichinja methanol uye acryllonitrile inokanganisa 57% uye 18% yemitengo, zvichiteerana. Mukupesana, mutengo weMethanol maakaunti kune inenge 7%. Naizvozvo, mukudzidza kweiyo kukosha keteni yeACH MMA, kutarisisa kunoda kubhadharwa kune iyo mari inochinja.

For c4 nzira mma, yakakwirira-yekudyara isobutylene mutengo wakakura wekushanduka, accounting kweanenge 58% yemubhadharo wemuMama. Methanol maakaunti eanenge 6% yemutengo weMMA. Iyo mutengo unonetsekana yeSobutene ine kukosha kwakakosha pamubhadharo weC4 nzira mma.

Kune ethylyne yakavakirwa mma, iyo unit yekushandiswa kweEndylene account yeanopfuura 85% yeMMA mutengo wechiitiko ichi, ndeipi huru mutengo kukanganisa. Nekudaro, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti mazhinji ezviyo anogadzirwa semuchengeti akagadzira zvekutsigira, uye kugadzirisa kwemukati kwakanyanya kubva pakugadziriswa kwemutengo. Naizvozvo, iyo yekukwikwidza kukwikwidza mwero weEtraylene kunogona kunge kusiri kumusoro seiyo chaiyo kukwikwidza nhanho.

Mukupfupikisa, kune misiyano yakakosha pakukanganisa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana pane zvinodhura mune akasiyana mma zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira, uye kuongororwa kunoda kuitiswa maererano nehunyanzvi hwekuita matekinoroji.

4.Ndeapi maitiro ekugadzira mma achave nemutengo wakaderera mune ramangwana?

Pasi pehunhu hwazvino tekinoroji, huwandu hwekukwikwidza hweMMA mune dzakasiyana maitiro mune ramangwana zvichave zvakanyanyisa kukanganiswa nekuchinja kwemitengo yezvinhu. Zvishandiso zvakawandisa zvinoshandiswa mune akati wandei main mma maitiro ekugadzira matanho anosanganisira metbe, methanol, acetone, sulfuric acid, uye ethylene. Zvigadzirwa izvi zvinogona kutengwa kana kupihwa mukati, nepo gasi rekudyara, zvidzitiro zvezvinhu zvoga, hydrociyo

Pakati pavo, mutengo weMtbe anonyanya kutevedzera maitiro etsika yemusika wemafuta akanatswa, uye mutengo wemafuta akanyatsonatsa zvine hukama nemutengo wemafuta asina kuchena. Pamutambo wechigaro chekushayiwa kwemitengo yemangwana yemangwana, mitengo mitengo inotarisirwawo kuratidza maitiro kumusoro, uye maitiro anotarisirwa kumusoro kwakasimba pane mafuta asina kuchena. Mutengo weMethanol mumusika unochinjika nemaitiro emitengo yemarasha, uye ramangwana rinotarisirwa rinotarisirwa kuramba vachiwedzera zvakanyanya. Nekudaro, kukura kwemuenzaniso wekodhi weChinondirava kuchaita kuti uwedzere kukurumidza kushandisa wega kushandisa mitengo, uye mutengo weCommonity methanol mumusika unotarisirwa kuramba uchingopfuurira kumuka.

Iyo yekupa uye inoda nharaunda mumusika wecetone iri kushatisa, uye kuvakwa kwemapurojekiti matsva uchishandisa nzira yekutsamwa yakadzivirirwa, uye nguva refu yekuchinja kunogona kunge kusine simba. Ethylene inonyanya kupihwa mukati uye ine mutengo wakasimba wekukwikwidza.

Naizvozvo, zvichibva pane mamiriro ezvinhu epanyama aripo uye maitiro ekuchinjika emitengo yemutengo, kuchine kumwe kusagadzikana pamusoro peizvozvo MMA kugadzirwa kweMMA kugadzirisa kuchave nemutengo wakaderera mune ramangwana. Nekudaro, zvinogona kufungwa izvo mumamiriro ezvinhu emangwana uye mutengo wemabhawa anowedzera, mitengo yezvinyorwa zvakaita se methanol uye mtbe inotarisirwa zvakare kusimuka, iyo inogona kuve nekukanganisa kwakanyanya kwemakwikwi eMMA mune akasiyana maitiro. Kuti urambe uchikwikwidza, vagadziri vangangoda kutsvaga zvimwe zvehupfumi zvekutengesa zvinhu, zvichisimbisa gadziriso uye hunyanzvi hwekugadzira maitiro ekugadzira mari yekugadzira uye kugadzirisa zvigadzirwa zvechigadzirwa.

Pfupiso

Makwikwi ekukwikwidza ezve mm maitiro eMMA mune china mune ramangwana inotarisirwa kuti ienderere mberi nekusimba kweiyo Etleyite maitiro, ichiteverwa neACH maitiro anotsigira iyo acrylonitrile unit, uyezve c4 maitiro. Nekudaro, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti mune ramangwana, zvinokonzeresa mumhando yemumangwana modhi, iyo ichave iri nzira inokwikwidza yekuvhiringidza kuburikidza neyakaderera-zvigadzirwa ne-zvigadzirwa zvinotsigira PMMA kana zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari.

Chikonzero nei nzira iyo ethylene inotarisirwa kuramba yakasimba ndeyekuwanikwa kwakasimba kwezvinhu zvaro zvezvinyorwa zvehunhu Nekudaro, inofanira kunongedzerwa kuti vazhinji vashatirwi vanopihwa mukati, uye yavo yekukwikwidza yekukwikwidza inogona kunge isiri yakakwirira seyechokwadi kukwikwidza nhanho.

Iyo ACH nzira ine yakarongedzwa kukwikwidza neye acrylonitrile unit, kunyanya nekuti yakakwirira-purity OSECATE SEPLOPLOPLOPLOPLOPLOPLE .

Makwikwi emiitiro yakadai seC4 nzira isina kusimba, kunyanya nekuda kwekukosha kwemutengo wekutengesa kwezvinhu zvaro zvinhu zvisvibirira isobitane uye acrylonitrile, uye yakaderera chikamu che isobutane muMMA kugadzirwa kwemitengo.

Yakawanda, iyo inonyanya kukwikwidza nzira yemhando yeMMA indasitiri mune ramangwana ichave ndeyemabhizinesi ekukudziridza mune yeindasitiri keteni modhi, kuburikidza neyakaderera-zvigadzirwa uye kudzora kutsigira pmma kana zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari. Izvi hazvigone kuderedza mari yekugadzira uye kugadzirisa zvigadzirwa zvemakwikwi, asi zvakare zvirinani kusangana nemusika.