Mumakore achangopfuura, maitiro etekinoroji eindasitiri yemakemikari yeChina akafambira mberi zvakanyanya, izvo zvakakonzera kusiyanisa kwemaitiro ekugadzira makemikari uye kusiyanisa kwekukwikwidza kwemusika wemakemikari.Ichi chinyorwa chinonyanya kutarisisa mune akasiyana kugadzirwa maitiro epoxy propane.

Zvinoenderana nekuferefeta, kutaura chaiko, kune matatu maitiro ekugadzira epoxy propane, anoti chlorohydrin nzira, co oxidation nzira (Halcon nzira), uye hydrogen peroxide yakananga oxidation nzira (HPPO).Parizvino, iyo chlorohydrin nzira uye HPPO nzira ndiyo nzira huru dzekugadzira epoxy propane.

Chlorohydrin nzira inzira yekugadzira epoxy propane uchishandisa propylene uye chlorine gasi seyakagadzirwa kuburikidza nemaitiro akadai se chlorohydrination, saponification, uye distillation.Iyi nzira ine goho rakawanda re epoxy propane, asi zvakare inoburitsa huwandu hukuru hwemvura yakaraswa uye gasi rekuburitsa, iro rine simba rakakura pane zvakatipoteredza.

Iyo co oxidation nzira inzira yekugadzira propylene oxide uchishandisa propylene, ethylbenzene, uye oxygen seyakagadzirwa.Chekutanga, ethylbenzene inopindirana nemhepo kugadzira ethylbenzene peroxide.Zvadaro, ethylbenzene peroxide inopinda cyclization reaction nepropylene kuti ibudise epoxy propane uye phenylethanol.Maitiro aya ane maitiro akaomarara ekuita uye anoburitsa akawanda-zvigadzirwa, saka, anotarisanawo nemhedzisiro yakaipa pane zvakatipoteredza.

Nzira yeHPPO inzira yekuwedzera methanol, propylene, uye hydrogen peroxide muhuwandu hwehuwandu hwe4.2: 1.3: 1 kune reactor ine zeolite titanium silicate catalyst (TS-1) yekuita.Iyi nzira inogona kushandura 98% yehydrogen peroxide, uye kusarudzwa kwe epoxy propane kunogona kusvika 95%.Chikamu chidiki chepropylene chinoitwa zvishoma chinogona kudzokororwa kudzokororwa kureactor kuti ishandiswezve.

Kunyanya kukosha, iyo epoxy propane inogadzirwa neichi maitiro parizvino ndiyo yega chigadzirwa chinotenderwa kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kuChina.

Isu tinoverenga maitiro emutengo kubva 2009 kusvika pakati pe2023 uye tinoona shanduko mukugadzirwa kwe epichlorohydrin uye HPPO maitiro mukati memakore gumi nemana apfuura.

Epichlorohydrin nzira

1.Iyo epichlorohydrin nzira inobatsira kwenguva zhinji.Mumakore gumi nemana apfuura, purofiti yekugadzira epichlorohydrin nechlorohydrin nzira yakasvika pakakwirira pa8358 yuan/ton, iyo yakaitika muna 2021. Zvisinei, muna 2019, pakave nekurasikirwa kushoma kwe55 yuan/ton.

2.Kuchinja kwepurofiti ye epichlorohydrin nzira inoenderana nemutengo wekuchinja kwe epichlorohydrin.Kana mutengo we epoxy propane ukawedzera, iyo purofiti yekugadzira epichlorohydrin nzira inowedzerawo zvinoenderana.Kusaenderana uku kunoratidza kukanganiswa kwakajairwa kweshanduko mukuwanikwa kwemusika uye kudiwa uye kukosha kwechigadzirwa pamitengo yezvigadzirwa zviviri izvi.Semuenzaniso, muna 2021, nekuda kwedenda, kudyiwa kwefoam polyether yakapfava kwakawedzera zvakanyanya, izvo zvakazokwidza mutengo we epoxy propane, pakupedzisira zvichigadzira nhoroondo yakakwira muchikamu chepurofiti yekugadzira epichlorohydrin.

3.Kuchinja kwemutengo wepropylene uye propylene oxide kunoratidza kutaridzika kwenguva refu kwemaitiro, asi kazhinji, pane musiyano mukuru mukushanduka kweamplitude pakati pezviviri.Izvi zvinoratidza kuti mitengo yepropylene uye epichlorohydrin inopesvedzerwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana, nemitengo yepropylene ine zvakanyanya kukosha pakugadzirwa kwe epichlorohydrin.Nekuda kwechokwadi chekuti propylene ndiyo huru yezvigadzirwa zve epichlorohydrin kugadzirwa, kushanduka kwayo kwemitengo kuchave nekukanganisa kukuru pamutengo wekugadzira we epichlorohydrin kugadzirwa.

Pakazere, purofiti yekugadzira epichlorohydrin muChina yanga iri munzvimbo ine pundutso kweakawanda emakore apfuura gumi nemana, uye kuchinja kwayo purofiti kunoenderana nekuchinja kwemitengo kwe epichlorohydrin.Mitengo yePropylene chinhu chakakosha chiri kukanganisa purofiti yekugadzira epichlorohydrin muChina.

HPPO nzira epoxy propane

1.Iyo yeChinese HPPO nzira ye epoxypropane yave iine pundutso kwenguva zhinji, asi purofiti yayo kazhinji yakadzikira kana ichienzaniswa neiyo chlorohydrin nzira.Munguva pfupi pfupi, nzira yeHPPO yakawana kurasikirwa mu epoxy propane, uye kwenguva zhinji, purofiti yayo yaive yakadzikira zvakanyanya pane iyo nzira yechlorohydrin.

2.Nekuda kwekuwedzera kukuru kwemutengo we epoxy propane muna 2021, purofiti yeHPPO epoxy propane yakasvika panhorondo yepamusoro muna 2021, ichisvika pa6611 yuan/ton.Nekudaro, pachine gaka rinoda kusvika 2000 yuan/tani pakati peiyo purofiti level uye nzira yechlorohydrin.Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kunyangwe iyo nzira yeHPPO iine zvakanakira mune zvimwe zvinhu, iyo chlorohydrin nzira ichine yakakosha mabhenefiti maererano nekuita purofiti.

3.Mukuwedzera, nekuverenga purofiti yeHPPO nzira uchishandisa 50% hydrogen peroxide mutengo, zvakaonekwa kuti hapana kuwirirana kwakakosha pakati pemutengo wehydrogen peroxide uye mutengo wekuchinja kwepropylene uye propylene oxide.Izvi zvinoratidza kuti purofiti yeChina yeHPPO nzira ye epoxypropane inomanikidzwa nemitengo yepropylene uye yakakwira concentration yehydrogen peroxide.Nekuda kwehukama hwepedyo pakati pekushanduka kwemitengo yezvinhu izvi zvakasvibirira uye zvigadzirwa zvepakati uye zvinhu zvakaita sekupihwa kwemusika uye kudiwa uye mutengo wekugadzira, zvave nekukanganisa kukuru mupurofiti yekugadzira epoxy propane vachishandisa nzira yeHPPO.

Kuchinja kwepurofiti yekugadzira yeChina's HPPO nzira epoxy propane mumakore gumi nemana apfuura yakaratidza hunhu hwekuita pundutso nguva zhinji asi nedanho rakaderera remubairo.Kunyangwe iine zvakanakira mune zvimwe zvinhu, zvakazara, purofiti yayo ichiri kuda kuvandudzwa.Panguva imwecheteyo, purofiti yeHPPO nzira epoxy propane inokanganiswa zvakanyanya nekuchinja kwemitengo yezvinhu zvakabikwa uye zvigadzirwa zvepakati, kunyanya propylene uye yakakwirira yehydrogen peroxide.Naizvozvo, vagadziri vanofanirwa kunyatso tarisisa mafambiro emusika uye kugadzirisa nzira dzekugadzira zvine musoro kuti vawane yakanakisa purofiti.

Iko kukanganiswa kwezvinhu zvakakosha pamitengo yavo pasi pemaitiro maviri ekugadzira

1.Kunyangwe shanduko yepurofiti ye epichlorohydrin nzira uye HPPO nzira ichiratidza kuenderana, pane misiyano yakakura mukukanganisa kwezviwanikwa papurofiti yavo.Musiyano uyu unoratidza kuti pane misiyano mukutonga kwemitengo uye kugona kudzora purofiti pakati peaya maviri maitiro ekugadzira kana uchitarisana nekushanduka kwemitengo yezvakagadzirwa.

2.Munzira yechlorohydrin, chikamu chepropylene kumutengo chinosvika paavhareji ye67%, kuverenga kweinopfuura hafu yenguva, uye kusvika pachiyero che72%.Izvi zvinoratidza kuti mukugadzirwa kwechlorohydrin, mutengo wepropylene une simba guru pahuremu.Naizvozvo, kuchinja kwemutengo wepropylene kune kukanganisa kwakananga pamutengo uye purofiti yekugadzirwa kwe epichlorohydrin nechlorohydrin nzira.Kucherekedza uku kunoenderana nemaitiro enguva refu epurofiti uye propylene mitengo inochinja mukugadzirwa kwe epichlorohydrin nenzira yechlorohydrin yambotaurwa.

Kusiyana neizvi, mune nzira yeHPPO, avhareji yekukanganisa kwepropylene pamutengo wayo i61%, uye vamwe vane yakanyanya kunaka pa68% uye yakaderera pa55%.Izvi zvinoratidza kuti mukugadzirwa kweHPPO, kunyangwe huremu hwekukanganisa huremu hwepropylene hwakakura, haina kusimba sekukanganisa kwechlorohydrin nzira pamutengo wayo.Izvi zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nekukanganisa kwakakosha kwezvimwe zvinhu mbishi sehydrogen peroxide inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kweHPPO pamitengo, nekudaro ichidzikisa kukanganiswa kwemitengo yepropylene pamitengo.

3.Kana mutengo wepropylene ukachinja ne10%, mutengo wekushandisa chlorohydrin uchapfuura weHPPO nzira.Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana wakatarisana nekushanduka kwemitengo yepropylene, mutengo weiyo chlorohydrin nzira inonyanya kukanganiswa, uye tichitaura, nzira yeHPPO ine zvirinani manejimendi uye purofiti yekudzora masimba.Kucherekedza uku kunosimbisa zvakare mutsauko mukupindura kushanduka kwemitengo yezvinhu zvakasvibiswa pakati pemaitiro akasiyana ekugadzira.

Pane kuenderana mukushanduka kwepurofiti pakati peChinese chlorohydrin nzira uye iyo HPPO nzira ye epoxy propane, asi pane mutsauko mukukanganisa kwezvinhu zvakabikwa papurofiti yavo.Paunenge uchibata nekushanduka kwemitengo yezvakagadzirwa, maitiro maviri ekugadzira anoratidza akasiyana manejimendi emitengo uye purofiti yekudzora kugona.Pakati pavo, iyo chlorohydrin nzira inonyanya kunzwisiswa nekuchinja kwemutengo wepropylene, nepo nzira yeHPPO ine yakanaka yekudzivirira njodzi.Iyi mitemo ine yakakosha inotungamira yakakosha kumabhizinesi kusarudza maitiro ekugadzira uye kugadzira nzira dzekugadzira.

Iko kukanganiswa kwezvinhu zvekubatsira uye zvigadzirwa pamitengo yavo pasi pemaitiro maviri ekugadzira

1.Kukanganisa kwemvura chlorine pamutengo we epichlorohydrin kugadzirwa nechlorohydrin nzira yave neavhareji 8% chete mumakore gumi nemana apfuura, uye inogona kutoonekwa seyakashaya mutengo wakananga.Kucherekedza uku kunoratidza kuti mvura chlorine inoita basa diki mukugadzirwa kwechlorohydrin, uye kushanduka kwayo kwemitengo kune kushomeka kwemutengo we epichlorohydrin inogadzirwa nechlorohydrin.

2.Iko kukanganiswa kwemutengo weiyo yakakwira hydrogen peroxide paHPPO nzira ye epoxy propane yakanyanya kukwirira kupfuura iyo yechlorine gasi pamutengo wekuita kwechlorohydrin nzira.Hydrogen peroxide ndiyo yakakosha oxidant mukugadzirwa kweHPPO, uye kushanduka kwayo kwemitengo kunokanganisa zvakananga mutengo we epoxy propane muchirongwa cheHPPO, chechipiri kune propylene.Kucherekedza uku kunoratidza chinzvimbo chakakosha chehydrogen peroxide muchirongwa chekugadzira HPPO.

3.Kana bhizinesi richigadzira rayo ne-chigadzirwa chlorine gasi, mutengo wechlorine gasi pakugadzirwa kwe epichlorohydrin unogona kufuratirwa.Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri nekuda kwehushoma hwechigadzirwa chlorine gasi, iyo ine zvishoma zvishoma pamutengo we epichlorohydrin kugadzirwa uchishandisa chlorohydrin.

4.Kana 75% ye hydrogen peroxide yakashandiswa, mari inoshandiswa yehydrogen peroxide paHPPO nzira ye epoxy propane ichapfuura 30%, uye mutengo wemari ucharamba uchikurumidza kuwedzera.Kucherechedza uku kunoratidza kuti epoxy propane inogadzirwa neHPPO nzira haingobatanidzwi nekuchinja kukuru kwepropylene mbishi, asiwo nekuchinja kukuru kwemutengo wehydrogen peroxide.Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehydrogen peroxide inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kweHPPO kusvika 75%, huwandu uye mutengo wehydrogen peroxide zvinowedzerawo zvinoenderana.Kune zvimwe zvinhu zvinopesvedzera musika, uye kushata kwepurofiti yayo kuchawedzerawo, izvo zvichave nekukanganisa kukuru pamutengo wayo wemusika.

Pane mutsauko wakakura mukukanganisa kwemitengo yezvinhu zvinobatsira pakugadzira maitiro epichlorohydrin uchishandisa nzira yechlorohydrin uye nzira yeHPPO.Kukanganisa kwemvura chlorine pamutengo we epichlorohydrin inogadzirwa nechlorohydrin nzira idiki, nepo kukanganisa kwehydrogen peroxide pamutengo we epichlorohydrin inogadzirwa neHPPO nzira yakakosha.Panguva imwecheteyo, kana kambani ikagadzira yayo ne-chigadzirwa chlorine gasi kana kushandisa akasiyana mazinga ehydrogen peroxide, mutengo wayo unosiyanawo.Mitemo iyi ine kukosha kwekutungamira kwakakosha kumabhizinesi kusarudza maitiro ekugadzira, kugadzira nzira dzekugadzira, uye kuita kudzora mutengo.

Zvichienderana nedata razvino uye maitiro, mapurojekiti arikuenderera mberi epoxy propane mune ramangwana achapfuura chiyero chiripo, nemazhinji emapurojekiti matsva anotora nzira yeHPPO uye ethylbenzene co oxidation nzira.Chiitiko ichi chichaita kuti kuwedzere kudiwa kwezvinhu zvakadai sepropylene uye hydrogen peroxide, izvo zvichava nemigumisiro yakawanda pamutengo we epoxy propane uye mutengo wose weindastiri.

Kubva pamaonero emutengo, mabhizinesi ane yakasanganiswa maindasitiri ketani modhi anogona kudzora zvirinani huremu hwezvinhu zvakabikwa, nekudaro kuderedza mitengo nekuvandudza kukwikwidza kwemusika.Nekuda kwekuti mapurojekiti mazhinji matsva epoxy propane mune ramangwana achagamuchira nzira yeHPPO, kudiwa kwehydrogen peroxide kuchawedzerawo, izvo zvichawedzera huremu hwekukanganisa kwehydrogen peroxide mutengo weiyo epoxy propane.

Uye zvakare, nekuda kwekushandiswa kwe ethylbenzene co oxidation nzira mumapurojekiti matsva epoxy propane mune ramangwana, kudiwa kwepropylene kuchawedzerawo.Naizvozvo, huremu hwekukanganisa kwemitengo yepropylene pamutengo we epoxy propane ichawedzerawo.Izvi zvinhu zvinounza mamwe matambudziko uye mikana kune epoxy propane indasitiri.

Pakazere, kusimudzira kweiyo epoxy propane indasitiri mune ramangwana kuchapesvedzerwa nemapurojekiti arikuenderera mberi uye zvigadzirwa.Kune mabhizinesi anotora HPPO uye ethylbenzene co oxidation nzira, kutarisisa kwakawanda kunoda kubhadharwa pakudzora mutengo uye indasitiri yekubatanidza cheni.Kune vatengesi vezvinhu zvakasvibirira, zvinodikanwa kusimbisa kugadzikana kwekupihwa kwezvinhu uye kudzora mitengo yekuvandudza kukwikwidza kwemusika.