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Product Name:polyurethane

Chigadzirwa molecular chimiro:

Chemical Properties:

Polyurethanes yakatanga kubudiswa uye kuongororwa naDr. Otto Bayer muna 1937. Polyurethane ipolymer umo inodzokorora unit ine urethane moiety. Urethanes zvinobva kune carbamic acids inowanikwa chete muchimiro cheester dzadzo[15]. Chakanakira PU ndechekuti cheni haina kuumbwa chete neatomu kabhoni asi kuti heteroatoms, okisijeni, kabhoni uye nitrogen[4]. Kune maindasitiri ekushandisa, polyhydroxyl musanganiswa unogona kushandiswa. Saizvozvo, poly-functional nitrogen makomisheni anogona kushandiswa pane amide linkages. Nekuchinja uye kusiyanisa iyo polyhydroxyl uye polyfunctional nitrogen makomisheni, akasiyana maPU anogona kugadzirwa [15]. Polyester kana polyether resins ine hydroxyl mapoka anoshandiswa kugadzira polyesteror polyether-PU, zvichiteerana [6]. Kusiyana kwenhamba yekutsiviwa uye kupatsanurana pakati nepakati pemaketani emapazi zvinoburitsa maPU kubva pamutsara kuenda kune branched uye 9exible kune yakaoma. Linear PUs inoshandiswa kugadzira mafiibha nekuumba[6]. Flexible PUs inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kweanosunga maajenti uye machira[5]. Mapurasitiki anochinjika uye akaomarara ane furo, ayo anoumba mazhinji ePU anogadzirwa, anogona kuwanikwa nenzira dzakasiyana muindasitiri[7]. Uchishandisa yakaderera molecular mass prepolymers, akasiyana block copolymers anogona kugadzirwa. Iyo terminal hydroxyl boka inobvumira kuchinjika zvidhinha, zvinonzi zvikamu, kuti iiswe mu PU cheni. Kusiyana muzvikamu izvi kunoguma nekusiyana-siyana kwesimba rekusimba uye elasticity. Mabhuroki anopa akaomesesa crystalline chikamu uye ane cheni extender anonzi sezvikamu zvakaoma[7]. Avo vanoburitsa amorphous rubbery phase uye ine polyester/polyether vanonzi zvikamu zvinyoro. Mukutengesa, aya block polymers anozivikanwa seSegmented Pus

Application:

Polyurethanes ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana munyika nhasi. Kushandiswa kwavo kwakawanda kunobva pafuro rinochinjika mufenicha yakasimudzwa, kusvika ku furo rakaomarara sekuvhara mumadziro, matenga uye midziyo kune thermoplastic polyurethane inoshandiswa mumidziyo yekurapa neshangu, kumachira, zvinonamira, sealants uye elastomers anoshandiswa pauriri uye mukati memotokari [17,18]. ]. Polyurethanes yakawedzera kushandiswa mukati memakore makumi matatu apfuura mumhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa nekuda kwekunyaradza kwavo, mutengo wemabhenefiti, kuchengetedza kwesimba uye kunogona kuitika kwezvakatipoteredza. Ndezvipi zvimwe zvezvinhu zvinoita kuti polyurethanes idiwe zvakadaro? Polyurethane durability inobatsira zvakanyanya kuhupenyu hurefu hwezvigadzirwa zvakawanda. Kuwedzerwa kwehupenyu hwechigadzirwa uye kuchengetedza zviwanikwa zvakakosha zvezvakatipoteredza izvo zvinowanzofarira kusarudzwa kwepolyurethanes[19-21]. Polyurethanes (PUs) inomiririra kirasi yakakosha ye thermoplastic uye thermoset mapolymers sezvo iwo ma mechanic, thermal, uye makemikari zvimiro zvinogona kuenderana nekuita kweakasiyana polyols uye poly-isocyanates.