Phenol ndiyo yakakosha organic makemikari zvigadzirwa, iyo ine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa mumakemikari indasitiri uye mamwe minda. Munyaya ino, tichaongorora uye kurukurai zvigadzirwa zvikuru zve phenol.

Tinofanira kuziva chii chinonzi phenol. Phenol inyamati yehunhu hydrocarbon yakaunganidzwa neiyo molecular formula c6h6o. Iyo isina ruvara kana chena crystalline yakasimba nekunhuhwirira kwakakosha. Phenol inonyanya kushandiswa seyakaisa zvinyorwa zvekugadzirwa kwezvakagadzirwa zvemakemikari akasiyana-siyana, etc. Bisphenol .

Kuti tinzwisise zvigadzirwa zvikuru zve phenol, isu tinofanirwa kutanga taongorora maitiro ayo ekugadzira. Maitiro ekugadzira phenol anokamurwa kuita matanho maviri: Nhanho yekutanga ndeye kushandisa marasha tar seyakaisa zvinyorwa kuburitsa bizzezation kuburikidza neCarbonization uye discilation; Nhanho yechipiri ndeyokushandisa benzene seyakaburitswa zvinyorwa kubuditsa phenol kuburikidza nemaitiro e oxidation, hydrohowlation uye disdrelation. Muchiitiko ichi, benzene ndeye oxidized kuti iite phenoil acid, saka phenoil acid iri kuenderera mberi oxidized kuumba phenol. Mukuwedzera, kune dzimwe nzira dzekubereka phenol, sekushandurwa kweateri kwechipfukusa kwe petroleum kana mubatanidzwa weganda.

Mushure mekunzwisisa maitiro ekugadzirwa kwe phenol, tinogona kuwedzera kuongorora zvigadzirwa zvikuru. Parizvino, chigadzirwa chakanyanya kukosha che phenphenol A. Sezvataurwa pamusoro, bisphenol inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwe epoxy resin, plastiki, fiber, fiber uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa. Pamusoro peBisphenol a, kune zvimwe zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakakosha zve phenol, senge dipherl ether, etc. nylon 66 munyu unogona kushandiswa seyakawedzera-simba fiber uye mainjiniya mapurasitiki muminda yakasiyana-siyana akadai semuchina, automotive uye aerospace.

Mukupedzisa, chigadzirwa chikuru che phenphenol a, icho chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwe epoxy resin, plastiki, fiber, firimu uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa. Pamusoro peBisphenol a, pane zvimwe zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakakosha zve phenol, senge dipherl ether uye nylon 66 munyu. Kuti uite zvido zveminda yakasiyana yekushandisa, zvinodikanwa kuti uenderere mberi nekuvandudza maitiro ekugadzira uye mhando yechigadzirwa che phenol uye zvigadzirwa zvikuru.