Dimethyl carbonate yakakosha organic compound inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumakemikari indasitiri, mushonga, zvemagetsi uye mamwe minda. Ichi chinyorwa chichasuma maitiro ekugadzira uye nzira yekugadzirira ye dimethyl carbonate.

1, Kugadzira maitiro e dimethyl carbonate

Iyo nzira yekugadzira ye dimethyl carbonate inogona kukamurwa kuita marudzi maviri: makemikari nzira uye yemuviri nzira.

1） Chemical nzira

Kemikari synthesis reaction equation ye dimethyl carbonate ndeiyi: CH3OH+CO2 → CH3OCO2CH3

Methanol ndiyo mbishi ye dimethyl carbonate, uye carbonate gasi ndiyo inogadzirisa. Iyo reaction process inoda catalyst.

Kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokonzera, kusanganisira sodium hydroxide, calcium oxide, copper oxide, uye carbonate. Carbonate ester ine yakanakisa catalytic mhedzisiro, asi kusarudzwa kwekatalyst kunodawo kufunga nezvezvinhu zvakaita semutengo uye nharaunda.

Nzira yekugadzira dimethyl carbonate inonyanya kusanganisira matanho akadai sekuchenesa methanol, oxygen oxidation, kupisa kwekuita, kupatsanurwa / distillation, etc. Munguva yemaitiro ekugadzirisa, kutonga kwakasimba kwezvipimo zvakadai sekushisa, kumanikidzwa, uye nguva yekuita inodiwa kuti uvandudze goho uye kuchena.

2）Nzira yemuviri

Pane nzira mbiri huru dzemuviri dzekugadzira dimethyl carbonate: nzira yekunyudza uye nzira yekumanikidza.

Iyo nzira yekunyura inoshandisa methanol seinomwisa uye inopindirana ne CO2 pane yakaderera tembiricha kugadzira dimethyl carbonate. Iyo inopinza inogona kushandiswa zvakare, uye iyo kabhoni dhaidhiyo inogadzirwa nemhinduro inogona zvakare kudzokororwa, asi chiyero chekuita chinononoka uye kushandiswa kwesimba kwakakwira.

Mutemo wekumanikidzira unoshandisa zvinhu zvemuviri zve CO2 kuti zvibatane nemethanol pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, nekudaro kuwana kugadzirira kwe dimethyl carbonate. Iyi nzira ine fast reaction rate, asi inoda high-power compression equipment uye inodhura.

Idzi nzira mbiri dziri pamusoro dzine zvakanakira uye zvisingabatsiri, uye dzinogona kusarudzwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa uye zvehupfumi zvinhu.

2, Kugadzirira nzira ye dimethyl carbonate

Kune nzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzira dimethyl carbonate, uye dzinotevera nzira mbiri dzinowanzo shandiswa:

1) Methanol nzira

Iyi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa yekugadzira dimethyl carbonate. Matanho ekushanda chaiwo ndeaya anotevera:

(1) Wedzera methanol uye potassium carbonate/sodium carbonate, uye kupisa kune kuita tembiricha uchikurudzira;

(2) Zvishoma nezvishoma wedzera CO2, ramba uchikurudzira, uye utonhorere pasi mushure mokunge mhinduro yapera;

(3) Shandisa funnel yekuparadzanisa kuparadzanisa musanganiswa uye kuwana dimethyl carbonate.

Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti tembiricha, kudzvanywa, kuita nguva, pamwe nerudzi uye huwandu hwechikonzero zvinofanirwa kudzorwa panguva yekuita maitiro ekuvandudza goho nekuchena.

2) Oxygen oxidation nzira

Pamusoro peiyo methanol nzira, iyo okisijeni oxidation nzira inowanzoshandiswa pakugadzira dimethyl carbonate. Iyi nzira iri nyore kushanda uye inogona kuwana inoenderera kugadzirwa.

Matanho ekushanda chaiwo ndeaya anotevera:

(1) Wedzera methanol uye catalyst, kupisa kune kuita tembiricha uchikurudzira;

(2) Wedzera gasi reokisijeni kuhurongwa hwekuita uye ramba uchikurudzira;

(3) Kupatsanura, distill, uye kuchenesa reaction musanganiswa kuwana dimethyl carbonate.

Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti iyo okisijeni oxidation nzira inoda kudzora ma parameter akadai seyero yekugovera uye yekupindura tembiricha yeokisijeni gasi, pamwe nechikamu chemaitiro ekuita, kuvandudza goho uye kuchena.

Kuburikidza nekusuma kwechinyorwa chino, tinogona kudzidza nezve maitiro ekugadzira uye nzira dzekugadzirira dze dimethyl carbonate. Kubva pakuumbwa kwemamorekuru kusvika kutsananguro yakadzama yemaitiro ekuita uye nzira yekugadzira, takapa ruzivo rwakakwana uye rwakakwana. Ndinovimba chinyorwa ichi chinogona kukurudzira kudzidza kwevaverengi uye kutsvagisa mune ino ndima.