Foam zvinhu zvinonyanya zvinosanganisira polyurethane, EPS, PET uye rabha furo zvinhu, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzekushandisa dzekupisa kupisa uye kuchengetedza simba, kudzikisira huremu, basa rechimiro, kupikisa kuramba uye kunyaradza, nezvimwewo, kuratidza kushanda, kufukidza akati wandei maindasitiri senge zvekuvakisa uye kuvaka, fenicha nemidziyo yemumba, oiri, kutakurwa kwemvura uye kutakurisa mauto. Nekuda kwehuwandu hwakasiyana hwekushandisa, yazvino musika wepagore saizi yefoam zvinhu kuchengetedza yakakwirira yekukura mwero we20%, iko iko kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvitsva mumunda wekukura nekukurumidza, asi zvakare yakakonzera kunetseka kukuru kweindasitiri. Polyurethane (PU) furo ndicho chikamu chikuru chezvigadzirwa zvemafuro zveChina.

Sekureva kwehuwandu, saizi yemusika wepasi rose wezvinhu zvinopupa ingangoita madhora 93.9 bhiriyoni, ichikura pamwero we4% -5% pagore, uye zvinofungidzirwa kuti panosvika 2026, saizi yemusika wepasi rose yezvinhu zvinopupuma inotarisirwa kukura kusvika pamadhora 118.9 bhiriyoni.

Nekuchinja kwekutarisa kwehupfumi hwenyika, shanduko yekukurumidza sainzi uye tekinoroji, uye nekuenderera mberi kwekusimudzira kweindasitiri inopupuma furo, dunhu reAsia-Pacific rakatora chikamu chikuru chemusika wepasi rose wetekinoroji. 2020 Kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki zveChina kwakasvika 76.032 miriyoni matani, zvichidzika 0.6% gore-pa-gore kubva pa81.842 miriyoni matani muna 2019. 2020 Kugadzirwa kwefuro kweChina kwakasvika matani 2.566 miriyoni, kudzika 0.62% gore negore kubva pa0.62% kuderera mugore-pa-201%.

Pakati pavo, Dunhu reGuangdong rinotanga mukugadzirwa kwefuro munyika, nekubuda kwe643,000 matani muna 2020; ichiteverwa nePurovhinzi yeZhejiang, ine goho rematani 326 000; Dunhu reJiangsu riri pachinhanho chechitatu, nekubuda kwematani 205,000; Sichuan naShandong vari pachinhanho chechina nechishanu, vaine 168,000 matani uye 140,000 matani zvakateerana. Kubva pachikamu chehuwandu hwekugadzirwa kwefuro renyika muna 2020, Guangdong inoita 25.1%, Zhejiang inotora 12.7%, Jiangsu inotora 8.0%, Sichuan inotora 6.6% uye Shandong account ye5.4%.

Parizvino, Shenzhen, semusimboti weguta reGuangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Bay Area uye rimwe remaguta akasimukira muChina maererano nesimba rakazara, yakaunganidza maindasitiri akazara mundima yeChinese foam tekinoroji kubva kune zvigadzirwa, zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira, zvidyarwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekugadzira, uye misika yakasiyana-siyana yekushandisa. Muchirevo chekusimudzira kwepasi rose kwegirinhi uye budiriro inoenderera mberi neChina "double kabhoni" zano, iyo polymer foam indasitiri inosungirwa kutarisana nehunyanzvi uye shanduko yekuchinja, chigadzirwa neR&D kukwidziridzwa, nekugadzirisazve cheni yekugovera, nezvimwewo. Mushure mekubudirira kwakasiyana kweFOAM EXPO kuNorth America neEurope, murongi TARSUS Boka, ne7 Zvita kubva kuChina ichange iine brand "FOAM" yeChina. 2022 paShenzhen International Convention uye Exhibition Center (Baoan New Hall). EXPO China ”, inobatanidza kubva kune vagadziri vepolymer foam raw material, foam intermediate uye vagadziri vezvigadzirwa, kune akasiyana ekupedzisira-ekushandisa ekushandisa kwefoam tekinoroji, kutevedzera uye kushandira indasitiri yekusimudzira!

Polyurethane muchikamu chikuru chezvinhu zvinoputika

Polyurethane (PU) furo ndicho chigadzirwa chinoverengera chikamu chikuru chekupupa zvinhu muChina.

Chinhu chikuru che polyurethane foam ndeye polyurethane, uye iyo mbishi inonyanya kukoshesa isocyanate uye polyol. Nekuwedzera madhiraivha akakodzera, inoita huwandu hukuru hwefuro inogadzirwa muchigadzirwa chekuita, kuitira kuti uwane zvigadzirwa zve polyurethane foam. Kuburikidza nepolymer polyol uye isocyanate pamwe nekuwedzera kwakasiyana-siyana kugadzirisa furo density, kusimba kwesimba, abrasion kuramba, elasticity uye zvimwe zvinongedzo, zvakasimudzwa zvizere uye kubaiwa muforoma kuti iwedzere ketani yemuchinjikwa-chain reaction, zvakasiyana-siyana zvekugadzira zvinhu zvitsva pakati pepurasitiki nerabha zvinogona kuumbwa.

Polyurethane furo rinonyanya kukamurwa kuita furo rinochinjika, furo rakaomarara uye furo rekupfapfaidza. Mafuro anochinjika anoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa senge cushioning, mbatya padding uye kusefa, nepo mafuro akaomarara achinyanya kushandiswa pakupisa kupisa mapaneru uye laminated insulation muzvivakwa zvekutengesa uye zvekugara uye (spray) furo padenga.

Rigid polyurethane foam inowanzovharika-sero chimiro uye ine yakanakisa zvivakwa zvakaita seyakanaka kupisa kwemafuta, huremu huremu uye nyore kuvaka.

Iyo inewo maitiro ekudzivirira inzwi, shockproof, magetsi ekudzivirira, kupisa kupisa, kutonhora kupikisa, kunyungudutsa kwemhepo, nezvimwewo. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muchikamu chekudzivirira chebhokisi refiriji nefiriji, zvinhu zvekudzivirira zvekuchengetedza inotonhora uye motokari yefiriji, iyo yekudzivirira yechivako, tangi yekuchengetedza uye pombi, uye mari shoma inoshandiswa muzviitiko zvisiri zvekudzivirira, zvakadai sekutevedzera huni, kutakura zvinhu, nezvimwewo.

Rigid polyurethane foam inogona kushandiswa padenga uye madziro ekudzivirira, gonhi uye hwindo rekuvhara uye kuvhara nhovo yebubble. Zvisinei, polyurethane foam insulation icharamba ichirwisana nemakwikwi kubva kune fiberglass uye PS foam.

Flexible polyurethane foam

Kudiwa kwefuro repolurethane kunoshanduka zvishoma nezvishoma kwapfuura kuya kwefuro rakaomarara re polyurethane mumakore achangopfuura. Flexible polyurethane foam imhando yekuchinjika polyurethane foam ine imwe dhigirii yekunyungudika, uye ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa polyurethane chigadzirwa.

Izvo zvigadzirwa zvinonyanya zvinosanganisira yakakwirira resilient foam (HRF), block sponge, inononoka resilient furo, self-crusting furo (ISF), uye semi-rigid simba-rinokweva furo.

Iyo bubble chimiro che polyurethane flexible foam inonyanya kuvhurika pore. Kazhinji, ine yakaderera density, inonzwika kunyura, kufema, kuchengetedza kupisa uye zvimwe zvivakwa, zvinonyanya kushandiswa sefenicha cushioning zvinhu, chekufambisa chigaro cushioning zvinhu, akasiyana akapfava padding laminated composite zvinhu. Maindasitiri uye ehurumende kushandiswa kwefuro rakapfava semidziyo yekusefa, ruzha rwekuvharidzira zvinhu, zvinhu zvekuvhundutsa, zvekushongedza, zvekurongedza zvinhu uye zvinopisa zvekupisa.

Polyurethane kuzasi kwerwizi kuwedzera simba

China's polyurethane foam indasitiri iri kusimukira nekukurumidza, kunyanya maererano nekuvandudzwa kwemusika.

Polyurethane foam inogona kushandiswa sebuffer packaging kana padding buffer zvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro-giredhi chaiyo zviridzwa, zvakakosha zviridzwa, zvemhando yepamusoro-giredhi zvigadzirwa zvemaoko, nezvimwewo. Inogonawo kugadzirwa mumidziyo yakapfava uye inodzivirira zvakanyanya; inogona zvakare kushandiswa kugadzira buffer kurongedza zvinhu nepa-saiti kupupa.

Polyurethane rigid foam inonyanya kushandiswa muadiabatic insulation, firiji uye chando midziyo uye kutonhora kuchengetedza, adiabatic mapaneru, kuvharisa madziro, kuvharwa kwepombi, kuvharwa kwematangi ekuchengetedza, imwe-chikamu chefoam caulking zvinhu, nezvimwe; polyurethane furo rakapfava rinonyanya kushandiswa mufenicha, zvekurara uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemumba, senge sofa nezvigaro, makushion ekumashure, metiresi nemapiro.

Kunyanya kuve nezvishandiso mu: (1) mafiriji, midziyo, efiriza insulation (2) PU simulation maruva (3) kudhinda mapepa (4) tambo kemikari fiber (5) mugwagwa unomhanya kwazvo (dziviriro mitsetse zviratidzo) (6) kushongedza kwemba (foam board kushongedza) (7) fenicha (seat cushion, metiresi chipanje, backrest, armrest) indasitiri yemotokari (8) autospace indasitiri (carspace) indasitiri yemotokari cushion, headrest yemotokari, chidhiraivho (10) midziyo yemitambo yemhando yepamusoro (midziyo yekudzivirira, varindi vemaoko, varindi vetsoka, boxing girovhosi, helmets, nezvimwewo) (11) synthetic PU leather (12) shoe industry (PU soles) (13) general coatings (14) special protective coatings (16 adhesive adhesive) pakati. (zvokurapa).

Iyo yepakati pesimba rinokwevera pasi pe polyurethane foam budiriro pasi rese zvakare zvishoma nezvishoma yachinja kuenda kuChina, uye polyurethane furo rave rimwe remaindasitiri ari kukurumidza kukura muindasitiri yemakemikari yeChina.

Mumakore achangopfuura, kukurumidza kusimudzira kwemukati mefiriji insulation, kuvaka kuchengetedza simba, indasitiri yesimba rezuva, mota, fenicha uye mamwe maindasitiri kwakawedzera zvakanyanya kudiwa kwe polyurethane foam.

Munguva ye "13th Five-Year Plan" nguva, kuburikidza nemakore anoda kusvika makumi maviri ekugaya, kutora uye kugadzirazve polyurethane raw materials industry, MDI yekugadzira tekinoroji uye kugona kwekugadzira zviri pakati pematanho ari kutungamira pasirese, tekinoroji yekugadzira polyether polyol uye tsvakiridzo yesainzi uye hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza huri kuramba huchivandudzika, zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvinoramba zvichibuda, uye goho rinoramba richidzika nemazinga epamusoro ekunze. 2019 China Kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zve polyurethane zvingangoita mamirioni gumi nemazana mashanu ematani (kusanganisira zvinonyungudutsa), kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kwezvinhu zvakabikwa kuri kuwedzera gore negore, uye ndiyo yakakura pasi rose kugadzirwa kwepolyurethane uye dunhu rekushandisa, musika uri kuwedzera kukura, uye indasitiri yave kutanga kupinda munguva yekuvandudza tekinoroji yekusimudzira kwemhando yepamusoro.

Zvinoenderana nehukuru hweindastiri, saizi yemusika wemhando yepolyurethane foaming zvinhu ndiyo inogovera chikamu chikuru, nehukuru hwemusika hunosvika 4.67 miriyoni matani, ayo kunyanya akapfava foam polyurethane furo zvinhu, achiverengera 56%. Nekukura kuri kuwedzera kweminda yemagetsi neyemagetsi muChina, kunyanya kukwidziridzwa kwefiriji uye zvivakwa-mhando yekushandisa, chiyero chemusika we polyurethane foaming zvinhu zvinoramba zvichikura.

Parizvino, iyo polyurethane indasitiri yakapinda muchikamu chitsva chine hunyanzvi-inotungamirwa uye girinhi budiriro sedingindira. Parizvino, kubuda kwe polyurethane yakadzika zvigadzirwa senge zvekuvakisa, spandex, synthetic dehwe uye mota muChina inotungamira pasi rose. Nyika iri kusimudzira zvakasimba machira emvura, kuita mitemo mitsva yekuvaka kuchengetedza simba nekugadzira mota dzemagetsi matsva, izvo zvinounzawo mikana mikuru yemusika kuindasitiri yepolyurethane. Iyo "double kabhoni" tarisiro yakakurudzirwa neChina ichasimudzira kukurumidza kusimudzira kwekuvaka simba rekuchengetedza uye yakachena indasitiri yesimba, iyo ichaunza mikana mitsva yekusimudzira ye polyurethane insulation zvinhu, machira, zvinhu zvinoumbwa, zvinonamira, elastomers, nezvimwe.

Cold chain musika inotyaira kudiwa kwe polyurethane rigid foam

Hofisi yeHurumende yeHurumende yakapa "Chirongwa cheMakore gumi nemana" chirongwa chekuvandudza zvinhu chinotonhora chinoratidza kuti muna 2020, China inotonhora yemusika wekutengesa zvinhu inodarika 380 bhiriyoni yuan, inotonhora yekuchengetera inokwana 180 miriyoni cubic metres, firiji varidzi vemotokari vangangosvika zviuru mazana maviri nemakumi masere nenomwe nemazana maviri nemakumi masere nenomwe mukupera kweGore. 2.4 nguva, 2 nguva uye 2.6 nguva.

Mune akawanda ekudzivirira zvinhu, polyurethane ine yakanakisa insulation performance, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Zvichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvinhu, polyurethane insulation zvinhu zvinogona kuchengetedza zvingangoita makumi maviri muzana emagetsi emari ekuchengetedza kutonhora kukuru, uye saizi yayo yemusika iri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma nekuvandudzwa kweindasitiri inotonhora yekutakura zvinhu. Iyo "14th-Makore mashanu" nguva, sezvo vagari vemumaguta uye vekumaruwa vachiramba vachivandudza chimiro chekushandisa, mukana wemusika mukuru unomhanyisa kuburitswa kwechando cheni logistics kugadzira nzvimbo yakafara. The Plan inokurudzira kuti panosvika 2025, kutanga kuumbwa kwechando cheni Logistics network, kurongeka uye kuvakwa kweanenge 100 yenyika inotonhora chain logistics base, kuvakwa kwehuwandu hwekugadzira uye kutengesa kutonhora kwecheni yekuparadzira nzvimbo, kupedzwa kwetatu-tier inotonhora chain logistics node zvivakwa network; panosvika 2035, kupedzwa kwakazara kweazvino inotonhora cheni Logistics system. Izvi zvichawedzera kuwedzera kudiwa kwe polyurethane inotonhora chain insulation zvinhu.

TPU furo zvinhu zvinokwira kune mukurumbira

TPU ndiyo indasitiri yekubuda kwezuva muindasitiri yezvishandiso zvepolymer, iyo yepasi maapplication inoramba ichikura, iyo indasitiri yekusimudzira kusimudzira hunyanzvi hwekuita tekinoroji uye tekinoroji inosimudzira kutsiva mudzimba.

Sezvo TPU ine zvakanakisa zvemuviri uye zvemagetsi zvivakwa, zvakadai sesimba rakakwirira, kusimba kwepamusoro, kukwirira kwepamusoro, yakakwirira modulus, asi zvakare ine makemikari kuramba, kupfeka kuramba, mafuta kuramba, kuvhunduka absorption kugona uye kumwe kwakanakisa kuita kwakazara, kuita kwakanaka kwekugadzirisa, kunoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumidziyo yeshangu (shangu soles), tambo, mafirimu, machubhu, mota, zvekurapa uye mamwe maindasitiri ari kukurumidza kukura mumaindasitiri e polythane. Indasitiri yeshangu ichiri yakanyanya kukosha kushandiswa kweTPU indasitiri muChina, asi chikamu chakadzikiswa, ichiverengera 30%, chikamu chefirimu, pombi zvikumbiro TPU iri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, iyo miviri yemusika mugove we19% uye 15% zvichiteerana.

Mumakore achangopfuura, China's TPU nyowani yekugadzira huwandu yakaburitswa, TPU yekutanga-yepamusoro mwero muna 2018 uye 2019 yakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, 2014-2019 mudzimba TPU kugadzirwa kwepagore kukura kwekukura kusvika 15.46%. 2019 China's TPU indasitiri inoenderera mberi nekuwedzera chiyero chemaitiro, muna 2020 China's TPU kugadzirwa kwematani mazana matanhatu nemakumi matanhatu neshanu, inoverengera chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chepasi rose TPU kugadzirwa Kupfuura.

Iyo yakazara kugadzirwa kweTPU muhafu yekutanga ye2021 inenge 300,000 matani, kuwedzera kwe40,000 matani kana 11.83% zvichienzaniswa nenguva yakafanana muna 2020. Panyaya yehukwanisi, yeChina TPU yekugadzira simba yakawedzera nekukurumidza mumakore mashanu apfuura, uye yekutanga-up rate yakaratidzawo kuwedzera kwe 0 0 0 0. matani kusvika ku995,000 matani kubva muna 2016-2020, ine huwandu hwekukura kwepagore hwe11.6%. Kubva pamaonero ekushandisa 2016-2020 China's TPU elastomer kushandiswa kwekukura kwese kukura, kushandiswa kweTPU muna 2020 kwakapfuura mazana mashanu ezviuru matani, gore-pagore kukura kwe12.1%. Kushandiswa kwaro kunotarisirwa kusvika kusvika 900,000 matani panosvika 2026, paine huwandu hwekukura kwepagore hunosvika gumi muzana mumakore mashanu anotevera.

Artificial dehwe imwe nzira inotarisirwa kuramba ichipisa

Synthetic polyurethane leather (PU leather), ndiyo polyurethane kuumbwa kwe epidermis, microfiber dehwe, mhando iri nani pane PVC (inowanzozivikanwa seWestern leather). Iye zvino vagadziri vezvipfeko vakashandisa zvakanyanya zvinhu zvakadaro kugadzira zvipfeko, zvinowanzozivikanwa sekutevedzera zvipfeko zvematehwe. PU ine dehwe chikamu chechipiri chedehwe iro divi reshure idehwe remombe, rakaputirwa nerunyoro rwePU resin pamusoro, inozivikanwawo selaminated cowdehwe. Mutengo wayo wakachipa uye mwero wekushandisa wakakwira. Nekuchinja kwemaitiro ayo anogadzirwawo nemagiredhi akasiyana-siyana emhando, senge inotengeswa kunze-maviri-layer dehwe remombe, nekuda kweiyo yakasarudzika maitiro, yakagadzikana mhando, mhando dzakasiyana uye humwe hunhu, kune yazvino giredhi rematehwe, mutengo uye giredhi hazvisi zvishoma pane yekutanga layer yedehwe rechokwadi.

PU dehwe parizvino ndiro rinonyanya kushandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvematehwe; uye PVC yematehwe kunyange zvazvo ine zvinokuvadza plasticizers mune dzimwe nzvimbo zvinorambidzwa, asi ayo super mamiriro okunze kuramba uye yakaderera mitengo inoita kuti mumusika yakaderera ichine kukwikwidzana kwakasimba; microfiber PU dehwe kunyangwe iine manzwiro akafanana nematehwe, asi mitengo yaro yepamusoro inomisa kushandiswa kwayo kukuru, mugove wemusika unosvika 5%.