Foam zvinhu zvinonyanya zvinosanganisira polyurethane, EPS, PET uye rabha furo zvinhu, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzekushandisa dzekupisa kupisa uye kuchengetedza simba, kudzikisa huremu, basa rechimiro, kupikisa kuramba uye kunyaradza, nezvimwewo, kuratidza mashandiro, kuvhara. maindasitiri akati wandei akadai sezvivakwa zvekuvaka nekuvaka, fenicha nemidziyo yemumba, kutapurirana mafuta nemvura, zvekufambisa, zvechiuto uye zvekutakura zvinhu. Nekuda kwehuwandu hwakasiyana hwekushandisa, yazvino musika wepagore saizi yefoam zvinhu kuchengetedza yakakwirira yekukura mwero we20%, iko iko kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvitsva mumunda wekukura nekukurumidza, asi zvakare yakakonzera kunetseka kukuru kweindasitiri. Polyurethane (PU) furo ndicho chikamu chikuru chezvigadzirwa zvemafuro zveChina.

Sekureva kwehuwandu, saizi yemusika wepasi rose yezvinhu zvinopupa ingangoita madhora mazana mapfumbamwe nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemazana mapfumbamwe emadhora, ichikura nechikamu che4% -5% pagore, uye zvinofungidzirwa kuti panosvika 2026, saizi yemusika wepasi rose yezvinhu zvinopupuma inotarisirwa kukura kusvika pamadhora zana nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemasere. bhiriyoni.

Nekuchinja kwekutarisa kwehupfumi hwenyika, shanduko yekukurumidza sainzi uye tekinoroji, uye nekuenderera mberi kwekusimudzira kweindasitiri inopupuma furo, dunhu reAsia-Pacific rakatora chikamu chikuru chemusika wepasi rose wetekinoroji. 2020 Kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki zveChina kwakasvika 76.032 miriyoni matani, zvichidzika 0.6% gore-pa-gore kubva pa81.842 miriyoni matani muna 2019. 2020 Kugadzirwa kwefuro reChina kwakasvika matani 2.566 miriyoni, pasi ne0.62% gore negore kubva pa0.62% gore-pa-gore kudzikira muna 2019.

Pakati pavo, Dunhu reGuangdong rinotanga mukugadzirwa kwefuro munyika, nekubuda kwe643,000 matani muna 2020; ichiteverwa nePurovhinzi yeZhejiang, ine goho rematani 326 000; Dunhu reJiangsu riri pachinhanho chechitatu, nekubuda kwematani 205,000; Sichuan naShandong vari pachinhanho chechina nechishanu, vaine 168,000 matani uye 140,000 matani zvakateerana. Kubva pachikamu chehuwandu hwekugadzirwa kwefuro renyika muna 2020, Guangdong inoita 25.1%, Zhejiang inotora 12.7%, Jiangsu inotora 8.0%, Sichuan inotora 6.6% uye Shandong account ye5.4%.

Parizvino, Shenzhen, semusimboti weguta reGuangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Bay Area uye rimwe remaguta akabudirira kwazvo muChina maererano nesimba rakazara, yakaunganidza ketani yakazara yemaindasitiri mumunda weChinese foam tekinoroji kubva kune yakasvibirira. zvinhu, zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira, zvidyarwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekugadzira, uye misika dzakasiyana-siyana dzekushandisa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu ekusimudzira kwepasirese kwegirinhi uye budiriro inoenderera uye neChina "double carbon" zano, iyo polymer foam indasitiri inosungirwa kutarisana nekuchinja kwehunyanzvi uye maitiro, kukwidziridzwa kwechigadzirwa neR&D, uye kugadzirisazve cheni, nezvimwewo. FOAM EXPO muNorth America neEurope, murongi TARSUS Boka, ine mhando yayo, ichabata "FOAM EXPO China" kubva Zvita 7-9, 2022 paShenzhen International Convention uye Exhibition Center (Baoan New Hall). EXPO China ”, inobatanidza kubva kune vagadziri vepolymer foam raw material, foam intermediate uye vagadziri vezvigadzirwa, kune akasiyana ekupedzisira-ekushandisa ekushandisa kwefoam tekinoroji, kutevedzera uye kushandira indasitiri yekusimudzira!

Polyurethane muchikamu chikuru chezvinhu zvinoputika

Polyurethane (PU) furo ndicho chigadzirwa chinoverengera chikamu chikuru chekupupa zvinhu muChina.

Chinhu chikuru che polyurethane foam ndeye polyurethane, uye iyo mbishi inonyanya kukoshesa isocyanate uye polyol. Nekuwedzera madhiraivha akakodzera, inogadzira huwandu hukuru hwefuro inogadzirwa mune inopindurwa chigadzirwa, kuitira kuti iwane polyurethane foam zvigadzirwa. Kuburikidza nepolymer polyol uye isocyanate pamwe nekuwedzera kwakasiyana-siyana kugadzirisa furo density, kusimba kwesimba, abrasion kuramba, elasticity uye zvimwe zvinongedzo, zvakasimudzwa zvizere uye kubaiwa muforoma kuti iwedzere ketani yemuchinjikwa-chain reaction, zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvinhu zvitsva zvekugadzira pakati pepurasitiki uye. rubber inogona kuumbwa.

Polyurethane furo rinonyanya kukamurwa kuita furo rinochinjika, furo rakaomarara uye furo rekupfapfaidza. Mafuro anochinjika anoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa senge cushioning, mbatya padding uye kusefa, nepo mafuro akaomarara achinyanya kushandiswa pakupisa kupisa mapaneru uye laminated insulation muzvivakwa zvekutengesa uye zvekugara uye (spray) furo padenga.

Rigid polyurethane foam inowanzovharika-sero chimiro uye ine yakanakisa zvivakwa zvakaita seyakanaka kupisa kwemafuta, huremu huremu uye nyore kuvaka.

Iyo inewo hunhu hwekuvharira ruzha, shockproof, kuvharirwa kwemagetsi, kupisa kupisa, kutonhora kupikisa, kupikisa kwesolvent, etc. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muchikamu chekudzivirira chebhokisi refiriji uye firiji, iyo yekuchengetera inotonhora yekuchengetera uye mota yefiriji. , iyo yekuvharisa zvinhu zvekuvaka, tangi yekuchengetera uye pombi, uye shoma inoshandiswa muzviitiko zvisiri zvekudzivirira, senge kutevedzera huni, kurongedza zvinhu, nezvimwe.

Rigid polyurethane foam inogona kushandiswa padenga uye madziro ekudzivirira, gonhi uye hwindo rekuvhara uye kuvhara nhovo yebubble. Zvisinei, polyurethane foam insulation icharamba ichirwisana nemakwikwi kubva kune fiberglass uye PS foam.

Flexible polyurethane foam

Kudiwa kwefuro repolurethane kunoshanduka zvishoma nezvishoma kwapfuura kuya kwefuro rakaomarara re polyurethane mumakore achangopfuura. Flexible polyurethane foam imhando yekuchinjika polyurethane foam ine imwe dhigirii yekunyungudika, uye ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa polyurethane chigadzirwa.

Izvo zvigadzirwa zvinonyanya zvinosanganisira yakakwirira resilient foam (HRF), block sponge, inononoka resilient furo, self-crusting furo (ISF), uye semi-rigid simba-rinokweva furo.

Iyo bubble chimiro che polyurethane flexible foam inonyanya kuvhurika pore. Kazhinji, ine yakaderera density, inonzwika kunyura, kufema, kuchengetedza kupisa uye zvimwe zvivakwa, zvinonyanya kushandiswa sefenicha cushioning zvinhu, chekufambisa chigaro cushioning zvinhu, akasiyana akapfava padding laminated composite zvinhu. Maindasitiri uye ehurumende kushandiswa kwefuro rakapfava semidziyo yekusefa, ruzha rwekuvharidzira zvinhu, zvinhu zvekuvhundutsa, zvekushongedza, zvekurongedza zvinhu uye zvinopisa zvekupisa.

Polyurethane kuzasi kwerwizi kuwedzera simba

China's polyurethane foam indasitiri iri kusimukira nekukurumidza, kunyanya maererano nekuvandudzwa kwemusika.

Polyurethane foam inogona kushandiswa sebuffer packaging kana padding buffer zvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro-giredhi chaiyo zviridzwa, zvakakosha zviridzwa, zvemhando yepamusoro-giredhi zvigadzirwa zvemaoko, nezvimwewo. Inogonawo kugadzirwa mumidziyo yakapfava uye inodzivirira zvakanyanya; inogona zvakare kushandiswa kugadzira buffer kurongedza zvinhu nepa-saiti kupupa.

Polyurethane rigid foam inonyanya kushandiswa muadiabatic insulation, firiji uye chando midziyo uye kutonhora kuchengetedza, adiabatic mapaneru, kuvharisa madziro, kuvharwa kwepombi, kuvharwa kwematangi ekuchengetedza, imwe-chikamu chefoam caulking zvinhu, nezvimwe; polyurethane furo rakapfava rinonyanya kushandiswa mufenicha, zvekurara uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemumba, senge sofa nezvigaro, makushion ekumashure, metiresi nemapiro.

Kunyanya kuve nemaapplication mu: (1) mafiriji, midziyo, kuisirwa firiza (2) PU simulation maruva (3) kudhinda mapepa (4) tambo kemikari fiber (5) mugwagwa unomhanya kwazvo (zvikwangwani zvekudzivirira) (6) kushongedzwa kwemba (furo). kushongedzwa kwebhodhi) (7) fenicha (cushion yechigaro, metiresi chipanji, backrest, armrest, nezvimwewo) (8) foam filler (9) aerospace, indasitiri yemotokari (mota cushion, headrest yemota, chidhiraivho (10) midziyo yemitambo yemhando yepamusoro (midziyo yekudzivirira, magadhi emaoko, varindi vetsoka, magirovhosi ebhokisi, ngowani, nezvimwewo) (11) synthetic PU leather (12) shoe industry (PU soles) (13) general coatings (14) special coatings yekudzivirira (15) adhesives, etc. (16) central venous catheters (zvokurapa).

Iyo yepakati pesimba rinokwevera pasi pe polyurethane foam budiriro pasi rese zvakare zvishoma nezvishoma yachinja kuenda kuChina, uye polyurethane furo rave rimwe remaindasitiri ari kukurumidza kukura muindasitiri yemakemikari yeChina.

Mumakore achangopfuura, kukurumidza kusimudzira kwemukati mefiriji insulation, kuvaka kuchengetedza simba, indasitiri yesimba rezuva, mota, fenicha uye mamwe maindasitiri kwakawedzera zvakanyanya kudiwa kwe polyurethane foam.

Munguva ye "13th Five-Year Plan" nguva, kuburikidza neanoda kusvika makore makumi maviri ekugaya, kunyura uye kugadzira patsva kwepolyurethane raw materials industry, MDI yekugadzira tekinoroji uye kugona kugadzira zviri pakati pematanho anotungamirira pasi rose, tekinoroji yekugadzira polyether polyol uye tsvagiridzo yesainzi uye hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza hunoramba huchivandudzika, zvigadzirwa zvepamusoro zvinoramba zvichibuda, uye gaka rine mazinga epamusoro ekunze rinoramba richidzikira. 2019 China Kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zve polyurethane kunosvika mamirioni gumi neshanu nemazana mashanu ematani (kusanganisira zvinonyungudutsa), kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kwezvinhu zvakabikwa kuri kuwedzera gore negore, uye ndiyo yakakura pasi rose kugadzirwa kwepolyurethane uye dunhu rekushandisa, musika unowedzera kukura, uye indasitiri iri kutanga kupinda munguva yekuvandudza tekinoroji yemhando yepamusoro yekusimudzira.

Zvinoenderana nehukuru hweindastiri, saizi yemusika wemhando yepolyurethane foaming zvinhu ndiyo inogovera chikamu chikuru, nehukuru hwemusika hunosvika 4.67 miriyoni matani, ayo kunyanya akapfava foam polyurethane furo zvinhu, achiverengera 56%. Nekukura kuri kuwedzera kweminda yemagetsi neyemagetsi muChina, kunyanya kukwidziridzwa kwefiriji uye zvivakwa-mhando yekushandisa, chiyero chemusika we polyurethane foaming zvinhu zvinoramba zvichikura.

Parizvino, iyo polyurethane indasitiri yakapinda muchikamu chitsva chine hunyanzvi-inotungamirwa uye girinhi budiriro sedingindira. Parizvino, kubuda kwe polyurethane yakadzika zvigadzirwa senge zvekuvakisa, spandex, synthetic dehwe uye mota muChina inotungamira pasi rose. Nyika iri kusimudzira zvakasimba machira emvura, kuita mitemo mitsva yekuvaka kuchengetedza simba nekugadzira mota dzemagetsi matsva, izvo zvinounzawo mikana mikuru yemusika kuindasitiri yepolyurethane. Iyo "double kabhoni" tarisiro yakakurudzirwa neChina ichasimudzira kukurumidza kusimudzira kwekuvaka simba rekuchengetedza uye yakachena indasitiri yesimba, iyo ichaunza mikana mitsva yekusimudzira ye polyurethane insulation zvinhu, machira, zvinhu zvinoumbwa, zvinonamira, elastomers, nezvimwe.

Cold chain musika inotyaira kudiwa kwe polyurethane rigid foam

Hofisi yeGeneral of the State Council yakapa "Chirongwa cheMakore gumi nemana" inotonhora cheni yekuvandudza zvinhu inoratidza kuti muna 2020, musika weChina unotonhora wekutengesa zvinhu unosvika mabhiriyoni mazana matatu nemakumi masere emadhora, inotonhora yekuchengetera inosvika mamirioni zana nemakumi masere emacubic metres, yakafirizwa. varidzi vemotokari vangangosvika 287,000, zvichiteerana, iyo "Gumi nembiri-Makore mashanu Chirongwa" Kupera kwenguva 2.4 nguva, 2 nguva uye 2.6 nguva.

Mune akawanda ekudzivirira zvinhu, polyurethane ine yakanakisa insulation performance, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Zvichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvinhu, polyurethane insulation zvinhu zvinogona kuchengetedza zvingangoita makumi maviri muzana emagetsi emari ekuchengetedza kutonhora kukuru, uye saizi yayo yemusika iri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma nekuvandudzwa kweindasitiri inotonhora yekutakura zvinhu. Iyo "14th-Makore mashanu" nguva, sezvo vagari vemumaguta uye vekumaruwa vachiramba vachivandudza chimiro chekushandisa, mukana wemusika mukuru unomhanyisa kuburitswa kwechando cheni logistics kugadzira nzvimbo yakafara. Chirongwa ichi chinokurudzira kuti panosvika 2025, kutanga kuumbwa kweinotonhora chain logistics network, kurongeka uye kuvakwa kweanosvika zana renyika inotonhora chain logistics base, kuvakwa kwehuwandu hwekugadzira uye kushambadzira inotonhora chain yekuparadzira nzvimbo, yekutanga kupera kwevatatu. -tier inotonhora cheni logistics node zvivako network; panosvika 2035, kupedzwa kwakazara kweazvino inotonhora cheni Logistics system. Izvi zvichawedzera kuwedzera kudiwa kwe polyurethane inotonhora cheni yekuvharisa zvinhu.

TPU furo zvinhu zvinokwira kune mukurumbira

TPU ndiyo indasitiri yekubuda kwezuva muindasitiri yezvishandiso zvepolymer, iyo yepasi maapplication inoramba ichikura, iyo indasitiri yekusimudzira kusimudzira hunyanzvi hwekuita tekinoroji uye tekinoroji inosimudzira kutsiva mudzimba.

Sezvo TPU ine yakanakisa yemuviri uye yemagetsi zvivakwa, senge kusimba kwepamusoro, kusimba kwepamusoro, kunyungudika, yakakwira modulus, asi zvakare ine makemikari kuramba, kupfeka kuramba, mafuta anopokana, kubatwa nekuvhunduka uye kumwe kuita kwakanakisa kwakazara, kuita kwakanaka kwekugadzirisa, kwakawanda. inoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zveshangu (shangu soles), tambo, mafirimu, machubhu, motokari, mishonga uye mamwe maindasitiri, ndiyo inokurumidza kukura zvinhu mu polyurethane elastomers. Indasitiri yeshangu ichiri yakanyanya kukosha kushandiswa kweTPU indasitiri muChina, asi chikamu chakadzikiswa, ichiverengera 30%, chikamu chefirimu, pombi yekushandisa TPU iri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, iyo miviri yemusika mugove we19% uye 15% zvichiteerana. .

Mumakore achangopfuura, China's TPU nyowani yekugadzira huwandu yakaburitswa, TPU yekutanga-yepamusoro mwero muna 2018 uye 2019 yakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, 2014-2019 mudzimba TPU kugadzirwa kwepagore kukura kwekukura kusvika 15.46%. 2019 China's TPU indasitiri inoenderera mberi nekuwedzera chiyero chemaitiro, muna 2020 China's TPU kugadzirwa kwematani mazana matanhatu nemakumi matanhatu neshanu, inoverengera chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chepasi rose TPU kugadzirwa Kupfuura.

Iyo yakazara kugadzirwa kweTPU muhafu yekutanga ye2021 inenge 300,000 matani, kuwedzera kwe40,000 matani kana 11.83% zvichienzaniswa nenguva imwe chete muna 2020. Panyaya yekugona, simba rekugadzira TPU reChina rakawedzera nekukurumidza mumakore mashanu apfuura, uye mwero wekutanga waratidzawo maitiro ari kusimukira, neChina's TPU yekugadzira huwandu huri kukura kubva pa641,000. matani kusvika ku995,000 matani kubva muna 2016-2020, ine huwandu hwekukura kwepagore hwe11.6%. Kubva pamaonero ekushandisa 2016-2020 China's TPU elastomer kushandiswa kwekukura kwese kukura, kushandiswa kweTPU muna 2020 kwakapfuura mazana mashanu ezviuru matani, gore-pagore kukura kwe12.1%. Kushandiswa kwaro kunotarisirwa kusvika kusvika 900,000 matani panosvika 2026, paine huwandu hwekukura kwepagore hunosvika gumi muzana mumakore mashanu anotevera.

Artificial dehwe imwe nzira inotarisirwa kuramba ichipisa

Synthetic polyurethane leather (PU leather), ndiyo polyurethane kuumbwa kwe epidermis, microfiber dehwe, mhando iri nani pane PVC (inowanzozivikanwa seWestern leather). Iye zvino vagadziri vezvipfeko vakashandisa zvakanyanya zvinhu zvakadaro kugadzira zvipfeko, zvinowanzozivikanwa sekutevedzera zvipfeko zvematehwe. PU ine dehwe chikamu chechipiri chedehwe iro divi reshure idehwe remombe, rakaputirwa nerunyoro rwePU resin pamusoro, inozivikanwawo selaminated cowdehwe. Mutengo wayo wakachipa uye mwero wekushandisa wakakwira. Nekuchinja kwemaitiro ayo anogadzirwawo emhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemhando, dzakadai kunze kwenyika mbiri-layer dehwe remombe, nekuda kweiyo yakasarudzika maitiro, yakatsiga mhando, mhando dzakasiyana uye humwe hunhu, kune yazvino yepamusoro-giredhi dehwe, mutengo uye giredhi zviri. kwete pasi pekutanga kwekutanga kweganda rechokwadi.

PU dehwe parizvino ndiro rinonyanya kushandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvematehwe; uye PVC yematehwe kunyange zvazvo ine zvinokuvadza plasticizers mune dzimwe nzvimbo zvinorambidzwa, asi ayo super mamiriro okunze kuramba uye yakaderera mitengo inoita kuti mumusika yakaderera ichine kukwikwidzana kwakasimba; microfiber PU dehwe kunyangwe iine manzwiro akafanana nematehwe, asi mitengo yaro yepamusoro inomisa kushandiswa kwayo kukuru, mugove wemusika unosvika 5%.