Chloroform boiling point uye inopesvedzera zvinhu kuongororwa
Chloroform (Chloroform), ine kemikari formula CHCl₃, isanganiswa isina ruvara ine kunhuhwirira kwakakosha, iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muminda yemakemikari indasitiri nemishonga. Mukugadzirwa kwemakemikari, zvakakosha kwazvo kuti unzwisise hunhu hwe chloroform, iyo iyo yekubikira ye chloroform ndiyo yakakosha parameter, iyo inokanganisa zvakananga kushandiswa kwayo uye kubata pasi pemamiriro ekushisa akasiyana. Iri bepa rinoongorora kuvira kwe chloroform uye nekufurira kwayo zvinhu zvakadzama.
1. Mhedziso yenzvimbo yekubikira yechloroform
Chloroform ine painofashaira ingangoita 61.2°C (inenge 334.35 K), chinhu chinoita kuti ive mvura patembiricha yekamuri. Nekuda kwekudzikira kwayo kubikira, chloroform inoita seinonyungudika patembiricha yekamuri, izvo zvinoda kutarisirwa kwakanyanya panguva yekushandiswa nekuchengetedza. Ichi chivakwa chekubikira chechloroform chinoita kuti ive yakakosha mukuita distillation, kupatsanura uye kugadzira makemikari.
2. Zvinhu zvinokanganisa kuvira kwechloroform
Iyo yekubikira poindi ye chloroform inonyanya kukanganiswa ne ambient pressure. Pasi pekumanikidzwa kweatmospheric, panovira chloroform i61.2°C. Kana kudzvinyirirwa kuchichinja, nzvimbo yekubikira yechloroform inochinjawo. Semuenzaniso, pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakaderedzwa, nzvimbo yekubikira ye chloroform inodzikira, izvo zvinobatsira kune maitiro anoda distillation pane yakaderera tembiricha. Saizvozvo, pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, nzvimbo yekubikira yechloroform inowedzera, izvo zvingada kutariswa kwakanyanya mune mamwe maitiro ekurapa.
Iyo yekubikira ye chloroform inobatwawo nekuchena kwayo. Chloroform ine tsvina inogona kunge iine poindi yekuvira inosiyana neiyo yakachena chloroform nekuti kuvepo kwetsvina kunoshandura kushanduka kwemvura. Naizvozvo, mumakemikari akanaka uye mishonga, kuchena kwechloroform kunodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi chechokwadi chekubikira kwayo uye zvimwe zvinhu zvemuviri.
3. Kukosha kwechloroform yekubikira poindi mumaindasitiri ekushandisa
Mukugadzirwa kwemakemikari, kunzwisisa nzvimbo yekubikira yechloroform kwakakosha kugadzira dhizaini uye kusarudzwa kwemidziyo. Semuyenzaniso, mune organic synthesis reactions, tembiricha yekuita kazhinji inoda kudzorwa padyo nenzvimbo yekubikira yechloroform kuchengetedza kuita kwakatsetseka. Chloroform sechinhu chinowanzo shandiswa chinonyungudutsa, pairi kufashaira inokanganisa kudzoreredza uye kushandisazve kushanda kwezvinonyungudutsa.
Muindasitiri yemishonga, nzvimbo yekubikira yechloroform inotarisawo kushanda kwayo mune mamwe maitiro emishonga. Semuyenzaniso, kana ichishandiswa mumishonga kubvisa zvimwe zvinhu zvinoshanda, chloroform yakadzikira kufashaira inobvumira kuti inyunguduke pane tembiricha yakadzikira, nekudaro ichidzivirira zvinhu zvinonzwa kupisa.
4. Chengetedzo Yekuchengetedza Mukushandiswa kweChloroform
Nekuti chloroform inovhuvhuta uye ine chepfu patembiricha yekamuri, inoda kubatwa nekuchengetwa nedziviriro dzinodiwa dzekuchengetedza. Ruzivo rwenzvimbo yekuvira yechloroform inogona kubatsira vashandisi kudzora zvirinani kusagadzikana kwayo uye kudzivirira kufemereka zvakanyanya. Pasi pemamiriro ekunze ekupisa kwepamusoro, zvinodikanwa kuterera kune kushata kwechloroform kudzivirira kuumbwa kwekuwanda kwegasi mumhepo, izvo zvinogona kukonzera njodzi dzehutano.
Mhedziso
Kuburikidza nekuongorora kwakadzama kwenzvimbo yekubikira yechloroform uye zvinhu zvinofurira, zvinogona kuoneka kuti kugona kuvira kwenzvimbo yechloroform kwakakosha zvikuru pakutonga kwemaitiro uye kusarudzwa kwemidziyo mukugadzira kemikari. Kunzwisisa uye kudzora nzvimbo yekubikira yechloroform inhanho yakakosha mukuona kuchengetedzeka uye kushanda zvakanaka, zvese mukugadzira maindasitiri uye mashandiro emurabhoritari.