M-cresol, inozivikanwawo sem-methylphenol kana 3-methylphenol, inhengo yeorganic ine kemikari formula C7H8O. Patembiricha yemumba, inowanzova mvura isina ruvara kana yero yakareruka, inonyungudika zvishoma mumvura, asi inonyungudika muzvinonyungudutsa zvakaita se ethanol, ether, sodium hydroxide, uye ine moto. Ichi chikamu chine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa mumunda wemakemikari akanaka.

Munda wemishonga yezvipembenene: Sechinhu chepakati uye chakabikwa chemishonga yezvipembenene, m-cresol inoshandiswazve mukugadzira mishonga yezvipembenene yakasiyana siyana yepyrethroid, yakadai sefluazuron, cypermethrin, glyphosate, uye dichlorophenol, nekugadzira mushonga wezvipembenene m-phenoxybenzaldehyde. Mumunda wemishonga, m-cresol ine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa uye inogona kushandiswa seyakagadzirwa kugadzira zvinodhaka zvakasiyana-siyana, senge anti-inflammatory drugs, anticancer drugs, etc. Mukuwedzera, m-cresol inogonawo kushandiswa gadzirira mishonga yekurapa uye mishonga inouraya utachiona. Indasitiri yemakemikari yakanaka: m-cresol inogona kushandiswa kugadzira akasiyana siyana emakemikari zvigadzirwa. Semuenzaniso, inogona kuita ne formaldehyde kugadzira m-cresol formaldehyde resin, inova yakakosha mushonga wepakati uye inogona kushandiswa kugadzira fungicides nemishonga yezvipembenene. Mukuwedzera, inogonawo kushandiswa kugadzira antioxidants, dhayi, zvinonhuwira, etc. Mimwe minda: m-cresol inogonawo kushandiswa kugadzira zvinhu zvinoshanda, zvakadai seion exchange resins, adsorbents, nezvimwewo.

mufananidzo

1. Mhedziso yemaitiro ekugadzira uye misiyano yemumba neyekunze

Maitiro ekugadzira meta cresol anogona kunyanya kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: nzira yekubvisa uye synthesis nzira. Iyo nzira yekubvisa inosanganisira kudzoreredza yakasanganiswa cresol kubva marasha tar by-zvigadzirwa uyezve kuwana meta cresol kuburikidza neyakaoma yekuparadzanisa maitiro. Mitemo yekubatanidza inovhara nzira dzakasiyana senge toluene chlorination hydrolysis, isopropyltoluene nzira, uye m-toluidine diazotization nzira. Mhedzisiro yenzira idzi ndeyekugadzira cresol kuburikidza nekuita kwemakemikari uyezve kuiparadzanisa kuti iwane m-cresol.

Parizvino, pachine gaka rakakura mukugadzirwa kwe cresol pakati peChina nenyika dzekunze. Kunyangwe kumwe kufambira mberi kwakaitwa mukugadzirwa kwem-cresol muChina mumakore achangopfuura, kuchine zvikanganiso zvakawanda mukutonga kwemakemikari kuita, kusarudzwa kweiyo core catalysts, uye process management. Izvi zvinotungamira kumutengo wakakwirisa wemeta cresol inogadzirwa mukati, uye mhando yacho yakaoma kukwikwidza nezvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika.

2、 Matambudziko uye Kubudirira muKuparadzanisa Tekinoroji

Kuparadzanisa tekinoroji yakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemeta cresol. Nekuda kwemusiyano wekubikira we0.4 ℃ chete uye melting point musiyano we24.6 ℃ pakati pemeta cresol nepara cresol, zvinonetsa kunyatsozviparadzanisa uchishandisa zvakajairwa distillation uye crystallization nzira. Naizvozvo, iyo indasitiri inowanzo shandisa molecular sieve adsorption uye alkylation nzira dzekuparadzanisa.

Mune iyo molecular sieve adsorption nzira, kusarudzwa uye kugadzirira kwema molecular sieves kwakakosha. Yakakwira mhando yema molecular sieves inogona kunyatso kushambadzira meta cresol, nekudaro inowana kupatsanurwa kunoshanda kubva para cresol. Zvichakadaro, kuvandudzwa kwezvitsva uye zvinobudirira zvinokonzeresa zvakare yakakosha nhanho yekufambisa mune yekuparadzanisa tekinoroji. Izvi zvinokonzeresa zvinogona kuvandudza kugona kwekuparadzanisa, kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba, uye nekusimudzira optimization yemeta cresol kugadzira maitiro.

mufananidzo

3, Iyo yepasirese neChinese musika patani ye cresol

Huyero hwepasi rose hwekugadzira meta cresol hunodarika 60000 matani/gore, pakati payo Langsheng anobva kuGermany neSasso kubva kuUnited States ndivo vagadziri vakuru vemeta cresol pasi rese, vane hunyanzvi hwekugadzira hunosvika 20000 tons/gore. Aya makambani maviri ari munzvimbo inotungamira muindastiri maererano nemeta cresol kugadzira maitiro, kutonga kwemhando, uye kusimudzira musika.

Kusiyana neizvi, nhamba yemabhizinesi ekugadzira cresol muChina idiki, uye huwandu hwese hwekugadzira hushoma. Parizvino, mabhizinesi makuru ekugadzira maChinese cresol anosanganisira Haihua Technology, Dongying Haiyuan, uye Anhui Shilian, ane huwandu hwekugadzira hunoita makumi maviri muzana epasi rose rekugadzira cresol. Pakati pavo, Haihua Tekinoroji ndiyo yakakura inogadzira meta cresol muChina, ine gore rega rega rekugadzira rinosvika 8000 matani. Nekudaro, iyo chaiyo vhoriyamu yekugadzira inochinja nekuda kwezvinhu zvakasiyana senge mbishi kuwanikwa uye kudiwa kwemusika.

4, Kugovera uye kudiwa mamiriro uye kutsamira kwekunze

Mamiriro ekupa uye kudiwa kwemusika wecresol muChina anoratidza kumwe kushanduka. Kunyangwe kugadzirwa kwepamba kwecresol kwakaramba kwakagadzikana mumakore achangopfuura, kuchine gaka rakakura rekupa nekuda kwekupikiswa kwemaitiro ekugadzira uye kukura kwemusika wepasi. Naizvozvo, China ichiri kuda kuunza huwandu hwakakura hwemeta cresol gore rega rega kuti igadzirise zvikanganiso mumusika wepamba.

Sekureva kwehuwandu, kugadzirwa kwe cresol muChina muna 2023 kwaive kunosvika mazana manomwe nemakumi mashanu ematoni, nepo huwandu hwekupinza hunosvika mazana maviri nemakumi maviri neshanu. Kunyanya muna 2022, nekuda kwekushanduka kwemitengo yemisika yepasi rose uye kukura kwezvinodiwa zvepamba, huwandu hwekupinza kwecresol kubva kuChina hwakapfuura matani mazana maviri. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti musika wecresol muChina unovimba zvakanyanya nezviwanikwa zvinobva kunze kwenyika.

5, Musika mutengo maitiro uye zvinofurira zvinhu

Mutengo wemusika wemeta cresol unopesvedzerwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana, zvinosanganisira mafambiro emitengo yemusika wepasi rose, kuwanikwa kwedzimba uye mamiriro ekudiwa, mitengo yekugadzira, uye mitemo yekutengeserana kwenyika. Mumakore mashoma apfuura, mutengo wemusika we meta cresol waratidza kushanduka kukwira. Mutengo wepamusoro wakambosvika 27500 yuan/ton, ukuwo mutengo wakaderera wakadzika kusvika pa16400 yuan/ton.

mufananidzo

Mutengo wemusika wepasi rose une kukanganisa kukuru pamutengo wepamba we cresol. Nekuda kweiyo gaka rakakura rekupa mumusika wecresol pakati peChina, mitengo yekunze inowanzova chinhu chinotaridza pamitengo yepamba. Nekudaro, nekukura kwekugadzirwa kwemumba uye kuvandudzwa kweketani yemaindasitiri, hutongi hwemitengo yepamba huri kudzoka zvishoma nezvishoma. Zvichakadaro, kuvandudzwa kwemaitiro ekugadzira mudzimba uye kutonga kwemitengo kunewo maitiro akanaka pamitengo yemusika.

Pamusoro pezvo, kuitiswa kweaponti-dumping marongero zvakare kune imwe mhedzisiro pamutengo wemusika wemeta cresol. Semuyenzaniso, China yakatanga ongororo yekurwisa kuraswa kwemeta cresol kubva kunze kwenyika kubva kuUnited States, European Union, neJapan, zvichiita kuti zviome kuti zvigadzirwa zvemeta cresol zvinobva kunyika idzi zvipinde mumusika weChina, zvichikanganisa kupihwa uye kudiwa maitiro. uye maitiro emitengo yepasi rose meta cresol musika.

6, Vatyairi vemusika wepasi uye mukana wekukura

Seyakakosha yepakati mune yakanaka indasitiri yemakemikari, meta cresol ine huwandu hwakasiyana hwezasi maapplication. Mumakore achangopfuura, nekukura nekukurumidza kwemisika yepasi pementhol nemishonga yezvipembenene, kudiwa kwemusika kwemeta cresol kwakaratidzawo kukura kwakasimba.

Menthol, sechinhu chakakosha chezvinonhuwira, ine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa muindasitiri yemakemikari yemazuva ese. Nekutsvaga kwevanhu kwehupenyu hwemhando uye nekuenderera mberi kwemusika wemazuva ese wemakemikari chigadzirwa, kudiwa kwementhol kuri kuwedzerawo. Sechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvekugadzira menthol, kudiwa kwemusika kwem-cresol kwawedzerawo.

Pamusoro pezvo, indasitiri yemishonga yezvipembenene zvakare imwe yenzvimbo dzakakosha dzekushandisa meta cresol. Nekuvandudzwa kwekuziva kwezvakatipoteredza uye kugadzirisa uye kukwidziridzwa kweindasitiri yemishonga yezvipembenene, kudiwa kwemishonga inoshanda, yakaderera muchetura, uye inochengetedza nharaunda zvigadzirwa zvemishonga yezvipembenene iri kuramba ichiwedzera. Sechinhu chakakosha chekugadzira mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene, kudiwa kwemusika kwemeta cresol kucharamba kuchikura.

Pamusoro pementhol uye maindasitiri emishonga yezvipembenene, m-cresol zvakare ine yakakura mashandisirwo muVE nemamwe minda. Iko kukurumidza kusimudzira kweminda iyi zvakare kunopa yakafara mikana yekukura kwemusika meta cresol.

7. Maonero eramangwana nemazano

Tichitarisa kumberi, musika weChinese cresol wakatarisana nemikana yakawanda nematambudziko. Nekuenderera mberi nekugonesa kwemaitiro ekugadzira epamba uye nekuenderera mberi kwemisika yepasi, kukura kweiyo meta cresol indasitiri iri kuramba ichizivikanwa. Ndichiri kutarisana nematambudziko, indasitiri yecresol muChina zvakare ine tarisiro yakakura yebudiriro. Nekuwedzera hunyanzvi hwekuita tekinoroji, kuwedzera misika yepasirese, kusimbisa kubatana nemabhizinesi ari pasi, uye kuwana rutsigiro rwehurumende, indasitiri yeChina cresol inotarisirwa kuwana budiriro yakagadzikana uye yakadzikama mune ramangwana.